Influence of traffic patterns on particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in Roxbury, Massachusetts
Influence of traffic patterns on particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in Roxbury, Massachusetts
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jea.7500289
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Spengler, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Levy, JI;Bennett, DH;Spengler, JD
多项流行病学研究表明，车辆排放与不良健康影响有关，但尚未确定其来源或成分。车辆相关暴露的表征需要有关各种污染物的空间和时间趋势的详细信息，以及在不受监控的环境中预测暴露的能力。为了解决这些问题，2001 年夏天，我们连续测量了颗粒结合的多环芳烃 (PAH)。罗克斯伯里 (Roxbury) 是马萨诸塞州波士顿的一个社区，柴油和汽油交通量很大。我们在路边和距道路不同距离处进行测量，同时收集交通流量和气象条件。在所有九个地点，路边颗粒结合多环芳烃浓度中位数为 8 ng/m(3)（范围：4-57），超 16,000。 ne 颗粒物/cm(3)（范围：11,000-53,000），以及使用 DustTrak 测量的 54 杯/m(3) PM2.5（范围：12-86）。距离道路较远、逆风和风速较高时，所有污染物的浓度均较低，其中多环芳烃和超多环芳烃的浓度梯度较大。氖粒子。在考虑时间自相关的线性混合效应回归模型中，大型柴油车数量与路边 PAH 浓度显着相关（P = 0.02），与超细颗粒物有中等关联，与 PM2.5 关系不大。尽管流行病学应用需要更全面的信息，但这些数据表明夏季城市中心交通相关污染物存在显着的空间和时间异质性，我们的监测和分析方法有助于了解来源归属。
Vehicle emissions have been associated with adverse health effects in multiple epidemiological studies, but the sources or constituents responsible have not been established. Characterization of vehicle-related exposures requires detailed information on spatial and temporal trends of various pollutants and the ability to predict exposures in unmonitored settings. To address these issues, in the summer of 2001 we measured continuously particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ultra. ne particles, and PM2.5 at a number of sites in Roxbury, a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts with significant diesel and gasoline-fueled traffic. We took measurements at the side of the road and at varying distances from the road, with simultaneous collection of traffic counts and meteorological conditions. Across all nine sites, median roadside concentrations were 8 ng/m(3) of particle-bound PAHs (range: 4-57), 16,000 ultra. ne particles/cm(3) (range: 11,000-53,000), and 54 mug/m(3) of PM2.5 as measured with a DustTrak (range: 12-86). Concentrations of all pollutants were lower at greater distances from the road, upwind, and at higher wind speeds, with greater concentration gradients for PAHs and ultra. ne particles. In linear mixed effects regression models accounting for temporal autocorrelation, large diesel vehicle counts were significantly associated with roadside concentrations of PAHs (P = 0.02), with a moderate association with ultrafine particles and little relation with PM2.5. Although more comprehensive information would be needed for epidemiological applications, these data demonstrate significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity for traffic-related pollutants during the summer in an urban center, with our monitoring and analytical methodology helping to inform source attribution.