Mechanisms, Detection, and Relevance of Protein Acetylation in Prokaryotes
Mechanisms, Detection, and Relevance of Protein Acetylation in Prokaryotes
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.02708-18
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Wolfe, A. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christensen, D. G.;Baumgartner, J. T.;Wolfe, A. J.
蛋白质的翻译后修饰，无论是单独或与其他修饰组合，都可以控制该蛋白质的性质，如酶活性、定位、稳定性或与其他分子的相互作用。N-β-赖氨酸乙酰化是近年来受到关注的一种修饰，其普遍性和重要性可与磷酸化相媲美。这篇综述将讨论该领域的细菌和古细菌的一些工作的现状，重点是两个机制的N-乙酰赖氨酸乙酰化和方法来识别，定量和表征特定的乙酰赖氨酸。细菌N-乙酰赖氨酸乙酰化依赖于乙酰化的酶促和非酶促机制，最近的工作揭示了这两种机制的调节。质谱技术的进步使研究人员能够通过以下两种方式获得更大的生物学背景：（i）使用稳定的同位素标记工作流程或使用无标记协议分析样品，以及（ii）通过化学计量测量确定蛋白质群体乙酰化的真实程度。通过这些方法鉴定乙酰化赖氨酸导致了探索乙酰化的生物学意义的研究。一般和不同的方法来确定乙酰化对特定赖氨酸的影响将被覆盖。
Posttranslational modification of a protein, either alone or in combination with other modifications, can control properties of that protein, such as enzymatic activity, localization, stability, or interactions with other molecules. N-epsilon-Lysine acetylation is one such modification that has gained attention in recent years, with a prevalence and significance that rival those of phosphorylation. This review will discuss the current state of the field in bacteria and some of the work in archaea, focusing on both mechanisms of N-epsilon-lysine acetylation and methods to identify, quantify, and characterize specific acetyllysines. Bacterial N-epsilon-lysine acetylation depends on both enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanisms of acetylation, and recent work has shed light into the regulation of both mechanisms. Technological advances in mass spectrometry have allowed researchers to gain insight with greater biological context by both (i) analyzing samples either with stable isotope labeling workflows or using label-free protocols and (ii) determining the true extent of acetylation on a protein population through stoichiometry measurements. Identification of acetylated lysines through these methods has led to studies that probe the biological significance of acetylation. General and diverse approaches used to determine the effect of acetylation on a specific lysine will be covered.