Non-Darwinian estimation: my ancestors, my genes' ancestors.
Non-Darwinian estimation: my ancestors, my genes' ancestors.
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非达尔文估计：我的祖先，我基因的祖先。
DOI：
10.1101/gr.076539.108
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Long,JeffreyC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiss,KennethM;Long,JeffreyC
从人口的角度描述世界各地人类遗传变异的组织是广泛的兴趣。与此相关的是试图描述人类物种遗传变异的模式，包括“休闲”基因组学，即基于基因组的个体祖先估计。这些方法依赖于变异、时间和祖先的微妙概念，而这些概念可能没有得到广泛的认可。他们都认为，存在着或曾经存在着离散的泛型人群，每个人要么是这个人群中的一员，要么是他们的混血后代。当我们将祖先追溯到假设的未混合祖先群体时，或者将个体的祖先分配给与经典“种族”无法区分的大陆群体时，对过去和现在人类种群结构的假设就会使祖先比例的估计产生偏差。即使是试图确定个人的本地亚种群，也不如大多数人（包括遗传学家）所期望的那样精确，因为这通常是基于一个人祖先的一小部分，而不是相对于更大的相当相关的祖先群体。证明两个人之间有某种关系比证明真正的祖先是谁或在哪里更容易。在个人的人口统计祖先和他们的基因祖先之间有一个重要的区别。尽管表面上看，这些对基因数据的解释往往是基于类型学而不是达尔文主义的思维，提出了关于实际问题的重要问题。
There is widespread interest in characterizing the organization of human genetic variation around the world from a population perspective. Related to this are attempts to describe the pattern of genetic variation in the human species generally, including “recreational” genomics, the genome-based estimation of the ancestry of individuals. These approaches rest on subtle concepts of variation, time, and ancestry that are perhaps not widely appreciated. They share the idea that there are, or were, discrete panmictic human populations such that every person is either a member of such a population or is an admixed descendant of them. Ancestry fraction estimation is biased by assumptions about past and present human population structure, as when we trace ancestry to hypothetical unmixed ancestral populations, or assign an individual's ancestry to continental populations that are indistinguishable from classical “races.” Attempts to identify even individuals' local subpopulations are less precise than most (geneticists included) expect, because that is usually based on a small portion of a person's ancestry, relative to the much larger pool of comparably related ancestors. It is easier to show that two people have some relationship than to show who or where the actual ancestor was. There is an important distinction between individuals' demographic ancestry and the ancestry of their genes. Despite superficial appearances, these interpretations of genetic data are often based on typological rather than Darwinian thinking, raising important issues about the questions that are actually being asked.