The role of nitric oxide in penile erection.
The role of nitric oxide in penile erection.
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DOI：
10.1517/14656566.2.1.95
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Eardley, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cartledge, J;Minhas, S;Eardley, I
阴茎的功能状态，无论是松弛还是勃起，都是由平滑的肌肉张力决定的。交感收缩因子维持松弛，而副交感收缩因子引起平滑肌松弛和勃起。人们普遍认为，一氧化氮(NO)是导致阴茎平滑肌松弛的主要因素。NO主要来源于两种来源：一种是直接来源于非肾上腺素能非胆碱能副交感神经，另一种是间接来源于海绵体窦和血管内皮细胞对胆碱能刺激的反应。一氧化氮合酶(NOS)催化L-精氨酸生成NO。关于内皮型或神经型一氧化氮合酶在不同动物种类的阴茎中的相对流行率一直存在争议。本综述详细研究了NO在阴茎中的作用。已建立的和新的治疗勃起功能障碍的方法也被描述，其作用是通过操纵NO途径来调节的。
The functional state of the penis, flaccid or erect is governed by smooth muscle tone. Sympathetic contractile factors maintain flaccidity whilst parasympathetic factors induce smooth muscle relaxation and erection. It is generally accepted that nitric oxide (NO) is the principal agent responsible for relaxation of penile smooth muscle. NO is derived from two principal sources: directly from non-adrenergic non-cholinergic parasympathetic nerves and indirectly from the endothelium lining cavernosal sinusoids and blood vessels in response to cholinergic stimulation. The generation of NO from L-arginine is catalysed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). There has been controversy over the relative prevalence of endothelial or neuronal NOS within the penis of different animal species. This review examines the role of NO in the penis in detail. Established and new treatments for erectile dysfunction whose effects are mediated via manipulation of the NO pathway are also described.