Bloom of Dinophysis spp. dominated by D. sacculus and its related diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) outbreak in Alfacs Bay (Catalonia, NW Mediterranean Sea): Identification of DSP toxins in phytoplankton, shellfish and passive samplers
Bloom of Dinophysis spp. dominated by D. sacculus and its related diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) outbreak in Alfacs Bay (Catalonia, NW Mediterranean Sea): Identification of DSP toxins in phytoplankton, shellfish and passive samplers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rsma.2016.03.009
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
de la Iglesia, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garcia-Altares, M.;Casanova, A.;de la Iglesia, P.
我们报告了对地中海沿岸海湾爆发的一次腹泻性贝类中毒(DSP)的综合研究，结合了浮游植物鉴定和量化数据，以及对贝类样品(贻贝和牡蛎)、浮游植物浓缩物和固相吸附毒素跟踪(SPPT)设备进行的毒素分析。阿尔法斯湾是加泰罗尼亚(西班牙，地中海西北部)最重要的贝类养殖区，被认为是研究半封闭沿海海湾的模式。从冬末到2012年春末，墨西哥湾遭遇了为期78天的双壳类捕捞禁令，原因是有毒的球囊甲藻的有害藻华在三个丰度高峰上波动，达到最大丰度2200个/L。在水华期间采样的贻贝含有冈田酸(OA，最大592微克/公斤，是欧盟委员会规定的最高允许水平的3.7倍)和果胶毒素2(PTX2，最大61微克/公斤)。牡蛎也含有OA和PTX2，但总是低于最低限量。从过滤器中的浮游植物浓缩物测量的每个细胞的毒素含量很可能被高估了(高达461pgOA/cell和668pgPTX2/cell)，但显示在水华结束时细胞毒性增加。在浮游植物聚集体中未检测到OA-二醇酯。SPATT装置中的DSP毒素浓度分别高达94 ng OA/g树脂、42 ng PTX2/g树脂和7 ng PTX2-Sa/g树脂。所应用的监测战略是基于对水柱中牙藻细胞丰度的测量，有效地保护了公众健康，并且没有不必要地延长管制关闭。SPATT袋中DSP的浓度符合藻类的丰度动态，因此SPATT被证实是一种有价值的研究工具。(C)2016年，由爱思唯尔出版。
We report a comprehensive study of a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) outbreak in a Mediterranean coastal embayment, integrating phytoplankton identification and quantification data, with toxin analysis by LC-MS/MS of shellfish samples (mussels and oysters), phytoplankton concentrates, and solid phase adsorbing toxin tracking (SPATT) devices. Alfacs Bay was proposed as a model for the study of semi-enclosed coastal embayments and it is the most important shellfish farming area in Catalonia (Spain, NW Mediterranean Sea). The bay suffered a ban for bivalve harvesting that lasted 78 days, from late winter to the end of the spring of 2012, due to a harmful algae bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Dinophysis sacculusthat fluctuated in three abundance peaks, reaching maximum abundance of 2200 cell/L. Mussels sampled during the bloom contained okadaic acid (OA, maximum 592 mu g/kg, 3.7 times the maximum permitted level (MPL) set by the European Commission), and pectenotoxin- 2 (PTX2, maximum 61 mu g/kg). Oysters also contained OA and PTX2, but always below the MPL. Toxin content per cell measured from phytoplankton concentrates in filters was most likely overestimated (up to 461 pg OA/cell and 668 pg PTX2/cell), but showed an increase of cell toxicity towards the end of the bloom. OA-diol esters were not detected in phytoplankton aggregates. Concentration of DSP toxins in SPATT devices were up to 94 ng OA/g resin.day, 42 ng PTX2/g resin.day and 7 ng PTX2-sa/g resin.day. The applied monitoring strategy, based on the measurement of Dinophysis cell abundance in the water column, was effective to protect public health and did not extended the regulatory closure unnecessarily. Concentration of DSP in SPATT bags followed Dinophysis abundance dynamics, thus SPATTs were confirmed as a valuable research tool for Dinophysis blooms. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.