Dogs (Canis familiaris) Gaze at Our Hands: A Preliminary Eye-Tracker Experiment on Selective Attention in Dogs
Dogs (Canis familiaris) Gaze at Our Hands: A Preliminary Eye-Tracker Experiment on Selective Attention in Dogs
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DOI：
10.3390/ani10050755
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Nakamura, Sanae
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogura, Tadatoshi;Maki, Mizuki;Nakamura, Sanae
狗似乎能成功地与人类交流，因为它们能从手势等身体信号中获取社会信息。然而，关于狗狗如何在视觉上注意包括手势在内的人类身体信号，我们知之甚少。这项初步研究的目的是通过比较人类、狗和猫的整个身体的凝视模式，揭示狗的社会视觉注意与人类的跨物种交流。在液晶显示器上显示人类、狗和猫的照片，并通过眼动追踪设备记录被试狗对这些照片的凝视行为。在同类和猫的图像中，受试者更频繁地盯着人类的四肢，而狗的注意力则集中在头部和身体上。此外，与没有人类手势的照片相比，在人类手势照片中，人们对手的凝视更大。这些结果表明，狗有一种专注于人类非语言交流的注意力风格，重点是人类的手势。狗已经发展出一种与人类交流的社交能力，并从身体信号和面部表情中获取社会信息。然而，关于狗狗如何将注意力转移到人类的身体信号，特别是手势上，我们知之甚少。比较狗对人类全身、同种动物和其他物种的视觉注意模式，可以揭示狗的基本社会能力和专门与人类进行物种间交流的能力。本研究调查了狗在三种情况下的凝视行为：看有或没有手势的人，看同种动物，看猫。数码彩色照片显示在液晶显示器上，实验犬在观看这些图像的同时，它们的眼睛被跟踪。结果显示，在同一图像和猫图像中，受试者的注意力主要集中在头部和身体上，他们更关注人的四肢。此外，与没有人类手势的照片相比，在人类手势照片中，人们对手的凝视更大。这些结果表明，狗有一种专注于人类非语言交流的注意力风格，重点是人类的手势。
Simple Summary Dogs seem to communicate with humans successfully by getting social information from body signals such as hand signs. However, less is known regarding how dogs pay attention visually toward human body signals including hand signs. The objective of this pilot study was to reveal dogs' social visual attention tuned to inter-species communication with humans by comparing gazing patterns to the whole body of human, dogs, and cats. The pictures showing humans with or without hand signs, dogs, and cats were presented on a liquid crystal display monitor, and gazing behaviors of subject dogs to these pictures were recorded by an eye-tracking device. The subjects gazed at human limns more frequently than limbs within conspecifics and cat images, where the dogs attention were focused on the head and body. Furthermore, gaze toward hands was greater in the human hand sign photos relative to photos where human hand signs were not present. These results indicate that dogs have an attentional style specialized for human non-verbal communication, with an emphasis placed on human hand gestures.Abstract Dogs have developed a social competence tuned to communicate with human and acquire social information from body signals as well as facial expressions. However, less is known regarding how dogs shift attention toward human body signals, specifically hand signs. Comparison among visual attentional patterns of dogs toward whole body of human being, conspecifics, and other species will reveal dogs' basic social competences and those specialized to inter-species communication with humans. The present study investigated dogs' gazing behaviors in three conditions: viewing humans with or without hand signs, viewing conspecifics, and viewing cats. Digital color photographs were presented on a liquid crystal display monitor, and subject dogs viewed the images while their eyes were tracked. Results revealed that subjects gazed at human limbs more than limbs within conspecific and cat images, where attention was predominately focused on the head and body. Furthermore, gaze toward hands was greater in the human hand sign photos relative to photos where human hand signs were not present. These results indicate that dogs have an attentional style specialized for human non-verbal communication, with an emphasis placed on human hand gestures.