Physical Growth, Biological Age, and Nutritional Transitions of Adolescents Living at Moderate Altitudes in Peru
Physical Growth, Biological Age, and Nutritional Transitions of Adolescents Living at Moderate Altitudes in Peru
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph121012082
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
de Arruda, Miguel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cossio-Bolanos, Marco;Gomez Campos, Rossana;de Arruda, Miguel
背景：秘鲁正在经历营养转型阶段，其主要特征是正在发展的国家的典型特征。目的：本研究的目的如下：(a) 将身体生长模式与国际标准进行比较； (b) 确定生物年龄； (c) 分析秘鲁中等海拔地区青少年的双重营养负担。设计：测量了来自秘鲁阿雷基帕市区（2328 米）的 551 名男女青少年（12.0 至 17.9 岁）的体重、站立高度和坐高。身体生长情况与CDC-2000国际标准进行比较。生物年龄是通过使用基于峰值高度速度（APHV）年龄的非侵入性横向技术来确定的。营养状况通过年龄别体重和年龄别身高来确定。 Z 分数是使用 CDC-2000 的国际标准计算的。结果：男女体重均与 CDC-2000 国际标准相似。在所有年龄段，女孩的身高（p < 0.05）均低于标准。然而，男孩在 15、16 和 17 岁时身高较低 (p < 0.05)。女孩的生物年龄为 12.7 岁，男孩为 15.2 岁。两组均出现生长发育迟缓（男孩 8.7%，女孩 18.0%）和体重超标（男孩 11.3%，女孩 8.8%）。在男女中，年龄体重类别与性别生长迟缓之间都存在关系。结论：生活在中等海拔地区的青少年表现出线性生长和生物成熟发育迟缓。此外，男女青少年都存在双重营养负担（生长发育迟缓和体重过重）。
Background: Peru is experiencing a stage of nutritional transition where the principal characteristics are typical of countries undergoing development. Objectives: The objectives of this study were the following: (a) compare physical growth patterns with an international standard; (b) determine biological age; and (c) analyze the double nutritional burden of adolescents living at a moderate altitude in Peru. Design: Weight, standing height, and sitting height were measured in 551 adolescents of both sexes (12.0 to 17.9 years old) from an urban area of Arequipa, Peru (2328 m). Physical growth was compared with the international standard of the CDC-2000. Biological age was determined by using a non-invasive transversal technique based on years from age at peak height velocity (APHV). Nutritional state was determined by means of weight for age and height for age. Z scores were calculated using international standards from the CDC-2000. Results: Body weight for both sexes was similar to the CDC-2000 international standards. At all ages, the girls' height (p < 0.05) was below the standards. However, the boys' height (p < 0.05) was less at ages, 15, 16, and 17. Biological age showed up in girls at age 12.7 years and for boys at 15.2 years. Stunted growth (8.7% boys and 18.0% girls) and over weight (11.3% boys and 8.8% girls) occurred in both groups. A relationship existed in both sexes between the categories of weight for the age and stunted growth by sex. Conclusions: Adolescents living at a moderate altitude exhibited stunted linear growth and biological maturation. Furthermore, adolescents of both sexes showed the presence of the double nutritional burden (stunted growth and excessive weight).