A comparative study of leukocyte counts and disease risk in primates.
A comparative study of leukocyte counts and disease risk in primates.
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灵长类动物白细胞计数和疾病风险的比较研究。
DOI：
10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00859.x
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nunn,CharlesL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nunn,CharlesL
人们对疾病风险在不同物种之间的差异及其对宿主防御（包括免疫系统）的影响知之甚少。我从100种灵长类动物中获得了基础白色血细胞（WBC）的平均值，以量化疾病风险，这是基于以下假设：在经历更大感染性疾病风险的物种中会发现更高的基线WBC计数。这些数据被用来研究四个假设：疾病风险预计会随着（1）群体规模和人口密度的增加而增加;（2）在陆地运动期间与土传病原体的接触更多;（3）缓慢的生活史;（4）交配滥交增加。在控制了交配后，WBC计数随着雌性交配滥交而增加，这反映在伴侣数量、相对睾丸质量和发情持续时间的离散类别中。相比之下，社会，生态和生活史假设在比较试验中没有得到支持。在混杂变量方面，一些WBC类型与体重或活动时间相关，但这些变量不能解释与交配滥交的相关性。有几个因素可以解释为什么涉及社会，生态和生活史因素的假设在这些测试中没有得到支持，包括行为对抗策略对疾病的作用，对女性选择交配伴侣的限制，以及传播模式对寄生虫策略和宿主防御的影响。
Little is known about how the risk of disease varies across species and its consequences for host defenses, including the immune system. I obtained mean values of basal white blood cells (WBC) from 100 species of primates to quantify disease risk, based on the assumption that higher baseline WBC counts will be found in species that experience greater risk of acquiring infectious disease. These data were used to investigate four hypotheses: disease risk is expected to increase with (1) group size and population density; (2) greater contact with soil‐borne pathogens during terrestrial locomotion; (3) a slow life history; and (4) increased mating promiscuity. After controlling for phylogeny, WBC counts increased with female mating promiscuity, as reflected in discrete categories of partner number, relative testes mass, and estrous duration. By comparison, the social, ecological, and life‐history hypotheses were unsupported in comparative tests. In terms of confounding variables, some WBC types were associated with body mass or activity period, but these variables could not account for the association with mating promiscuity. Several factors may explain why hypotheses involving social, ecological, and life‐history factors went unsupported in these tests, including the role of behavioral counterstrategies to disease, restrictions on female choice of mating partners, and the effect of transmission mode on parasite strategies and host defenses.