Transforming mentorship in STEM by training scientists to be better leaders
Transforming mentorship in STEM by training scientists to be better leaders
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.4527
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Scordato, Elizabeth S. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hund, Amanda K.;Churchill, Amber C.;Scordato, Elizabeth S. C.
有效的指导是学术和职业成功的关键组成部分，有助于生产力的整体措施。指导关系在心理健康以及从STEM领域代表性不足的群体中招募和留住学生方面也发挥着重要作用。尽管有这些明确和可衡量的好处，教师一般不接受导师培训，反馈机制和评估，以改善学术界的指导是有限的。无效的指导可能会对学生，教师，部门和机构产生负面影响，通过降低生产力，增加压力，以及失去有价值的研究产品和人才。因此，有明确的激励措施来投资和实施正规培训，以改善STEM领域的导师制。在这里，我们概述了在学术界指导的独特挑战，并提出了从STEM科学家的调查结果，支持更正式的导师培训的需要和愿望。利用调查结果和主要文献，我们确定了有效的导师的共同行为，并概述了一套指导的最佳实践。我们认为，这些最佳实践，以及灵活性，沟通和信任的关键素质，是可以教未来和当前的教师的技能。我们提出了一个模型和资源，指导培训的基础上，我们的研究，我们成功地实施了在大学的科罗拉多，博尔德，研究生和博士后。我们的结论是，这种培训是提高STEM领域导师制的重要和具有成本效益的一步。
Effective mentoring is a key component of academic and career success that contributes to overall measures of productivity. Mentoring relationships also play an important role in mental health and in recruiting and retaining students from groups underrepresented in STEM fields. Despite these clear and measurable benefits, faculty generally do not receive mentorship training, and feedback mechanisms and assessment to improve mentoring in academia are limited. Ineffective mentoring can negatively impact students, faculty, departments, and institutions via decreased productivity, increased stress, and the loss of valuable research products and talented personnel. Thus, there are clear incentives to invest in and implement formal training to improve mentorship in STEM fields. Here, we outline the unique challenges of mentoring in academia and present results from a survey of STEM scientists that support both the need and desire for more formal mentorship training. Using survey results and the primary literature, we identify common behaviors of effective mentors and outline a set of mentorship best practices. We argue that these best practices, as well as the key qualities of flexibility, communication, and trust, are skills that can be taught to prospective and current faculty. We present a model and resources for mentorship training based on our research, which we successfully implemented at the University of Colorado, Boulder, with graduate students and postdocs. We conclude that such training is an important and cost-effective step toward improving mentorship in STEM fields.