Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice
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牛津犯罪学和刑事司法研究百科全书
DOI：
10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.278
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jones D
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作者：
Jones D
“精神病患者”一词已被广泛使用，被理解为对一个似乎对周围世界有清晰和理性理解的人的描述;他们没有被欺骗或遭受幻觉，但他们似乎能够对他人和自己的安全采取极其残忍或鲁莽的行动。医学和法律的专业人士已经奋斗了200多年，以达成协议，是否有适当的精神病诊断，可能有助于描述这些人。各种各样的术语，如道德精神错乱，偏执狂，精神病，反社会人格障碍已经被使用。“精神病患者”这个词在公众的想象中已经根深蒂固。有这类问题的人可能做出的暴力和伤害会引起公众的极大焦虑。这种焦虑经常在各种形式的媒体中表现出来并被放大。本文追溯了各种形式的大众媒体对塑造我们对“精神病”的理解以及道德精神错乱、偏执狂和反社会人格障碍的相关诊断至关重要的一些方式。从医学论文和新闻报道臭名昭著的踪迹，和探索危险形式的意识在世纪，的方式，大众媒体，包括电影，提出了这样的问题，他们往往有一个关键的影响法律的和医学公式。
The term “psychopath” has come in popular use to be understood as a description of an individual who seems to have a clear and rational understanding of the world around them; they are not deluded or suffering from hallucinations and yet they seem to be able to act with great cruelty or with recklessness towards the safety of others and themselves. The medical and legal professions have been struggling for over 200 hundred years to reach agreement on whether there might be appropriate psychiatric diagnoses that might helpfully describe such individuals. Various terms such as moral insanity, monomania, psychopathy, and antisocial personality disorder have been used. The term “psychopath” is the one that has become most firmly fixed in the public imagination. The violence and harm that people with these kinds of problems might do can raise a great deal of public anxiety. This anxiety has often played out and been amplified in various forms of the media. This article traces some of the ways that various forms of popular media have been of crucial importance to shaping our understanding of “psychopathy” and the related diagnoses of moral insanity, monomania, and antisocial personality disorder. From the medical treatises and press reporting of notorious trails, and the explorations of dangerous forms of consciousness in the 19th century, to the way that the mass media, including films, have presented such problems, they have often had a key influence on the legal and medical formulations.