Effects of open-set and closed-set task demands on spoken word recognition
Effects of open-set and closed-set task demands on spoken word recognition
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DOI：
10.3766/jaaa.17.5.4
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Tierney, Adam T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clopper, Cynthia G.;Pisoni, David B.;Tierney, Adam T.
临床环境中经常使用口语单词识别的封闭式测试来评估听力受损的听众（尤其是儿童）的言语辨别能力。语音科学家报告称，词汇竞争和说话者变异性对开放式任务有显着影响，但在封闭式任务中却没有，这表明口语单词识别的封闭式测试可能不是对语音识别技能的有效评估。当前研究的目标是探索一些可能解释开放集和封闭集任务之间根本差异的任务要求。在一系列的四个实验中，我们操纵了响应选项的数量和性质。结果显示，随着更多高度易混淆的陪衬被添加到响应选项中，词汇竞争和说话者变异效应在口语单词识别的封闭组测试中出现。这些结果表明任务要求与词汇访问和口语单词识别过程中的词汇竞争效应之间存在紧密耦合。
Closed-set tests of spoken word recognition are frequently used in clinical settings to assess the speech discrimination skills of hearing-impaired listeners, particularly children. Speech scientists have reported robust effects of lexical competition and talker variability in open-set tasks but not closed-set tasks, suggesting that closed-set tests of spoken word recognition may not be valid assessments of speech recognition skills. The goal of the current study was to explore some of the task demands that might account for this fundamental difference between open-set and closed-set tasks. In a series of four experiments, we manipulated the number and nature of the response alternatives. Results revealed that as more highly confusable foils were added to the response alternatives, lexical competition and talker variability effects emerged in closed-set tests of spoken word recognition. These results demonstrate a close coupling between task demands and lexical competition effects in lexical access and spoken word recognition processes.