EVOLUTION OF THE METAZOAN LIFE CYCLE
EVOLUTION OF THE METAZOAN LIFE CYCLE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1974.tb00804.x
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发表时间：
1974-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Hedgpeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Hedgpeth
这本书的“基本论点”是“一个由上层初级幼虫和底栖成虫组成的生命周期（上层生命周期）是所有后生动物的原始条件。”最初的后生动物形式是一种远洋囊虫。定居下来成为底层居民，“结果”也变成了两侧对称；幼鲸继续着它们的远洋生活。这些远洋幼虫在后期成虫阶段（这一过程被称为“成虫”，是归因于“成虫压力”的“未知力量”的结果）作为“初级幼虫”持续存在，例如trochophore、tornaria、auricularia和类似的幼虫形式。所有这些问题，我们被告知，是最好的理解根据作者的双边胃理论；要了解细节，读者必须看作者早期的论文。这种假想的双侧胃被利比·海曼（Libbie Hyman）鄙视为“一种美妙的想象，一种低级的双胸膜”。雅格斯滕并没有试图应对海曼对这一理论更为实质性的批评，认为这是“一种勉强伪装的淋病理论”（她曾希望淋病理论早已死去并被埋葬），而是试图在这本书中赋予它新的生命。然而，他礼貌地引用了海曼的一些错误，以示对她的公平。
The" fundamental thesis" of this book is that" a life cycle with pelagic primary larva and benthic adult (pelagobenthic life cycle) is the original condition for all metazoans." The original metazoan form was that of a pelagic blastaea which. settled down to become a bottom dweller, and" as a result" also became bilaterally symmetrical; the juveniles continued their pelagic life. These pelagic larvae have persisted, with modifications derived from later adult stages (a process termed" adultation," the result of" unknown forces" attributed to" adult pressure"), as" primary larvae," exemplified by the trochophore, tornaria, auricularia and similar larval forms. All of these matters, we are advised, are best understood in terms of the author's Bilaterogastraea theory; for details, the reader must see the author's earlier papers. This hypothetical bilaterogastraea was disdained by Libbie Hyman as" a nice little figment of the imagination, a sort of junior dipleurula." Jagersten does not attempt to cope with Hyman's more substantive criticisms of this as" a thinly disguised version of the gonocoel theory"(which she had hoped was dead and buried long since), but attempts in this book to give it new life. He shows his fairness to Hyman, however, by politely citing some of her mistakes.