Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkers
Affective decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in 10th grade Chinese adolescent binge drinkers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.09.012
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bechara, Antoine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, C. Anderson;Xiao, Lin;Bechara, Antoine
这项研究的主要目的是验证一个假设，即青少年酗酒者，而不是轻度饮酒者，会在爱荷华赌博测试中显示出情感决策任务受损的迹象。（IGT），与从不喝酒的青少年相比。我们在中国成都市测试了207名10年级的青少年，使用了两个版本的IGT，原始版本和变体版本，其中奖励/惩罚随因是相反的。这使人们能够区分决策受损的不同可能性，例如对长期后果不敏感，或对奖励过度敏感。此外，我们使用自排序指向测验（SOPT）来测试工作记忆容量。使用纸笔问卷来评估饮酒行为和学校学习成绩。结果表明，相对于从不饮酒者，青少年酗酒者，而不是其他（从未，超过30天）饮酒者，在原始版本的IGT中表现出明显较低的净得分，尤其是在后来的试验中。此外，IGT的原始版本和变体版本的行为表现与归因于奖励过度敏感的决策障碍一致。此外，饮酒者（所有级别）和从不饮酒者的工作记忆和学业成绩没有差异。Logistic回归分析表明，在控制了人口统计变量、工作记忆和学校学习成绩后，IGT显著预测了酗酒。这些发现表明，对未来后果的“近视”与对奖励的过度敏感有关，这是青少年酗酒行为的一个关键特征，而这种对未来后果的“近视”的潜在神经机制可能是导致一些青少年更容易产生未来成瘾行为的诱发因素。(C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that adolescent binge drinkers, but not lighter drinkers, would show signs of impairment on tasks of affective decision-making as measured by the Iowa Gambling Test. (IGT), when compared to adolescents who never drank.We tested 207 10th grade adolescents in Chengdu City, China, using two versions of the IGT, the original and a variant, in which the reward/punishment contingencies were reversed. This enables one to distinguish among different possibilities of impaired decision-making, such as insensitivity to long-term consequences, or hypersensitivity to reward. Furthermore, we tested working memory capacity using the Self-ordered Pointing Test (SOPT). Paper and pencil questionnaires were used to assess drinking behaviors and school academic performance.Results indicated that relative to never-drinkers, adolescent binge drinkers, but not other (ever, past 30-day) drinkers, showed significantly lower net scores on the original version of the IGT especially in the latter trials. Furthermore, the profiles of behavioral performance from the original and variant versions of the IGT were consistent with a decision-making impairment attributed to hypersensitivity to reward. In addition, working memory and school academic performance revealed no differences between drinkers (at all levels) and never-drinkers. Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for demographic variables, working memory, and school academic performance, the IGT significantly predicted binge-drinking.These findings suggest that a "myopia" for future consequences linked to hypersensitivity to reward is a key characteristic of adolescents with binge-drinking behavior, and that underlying neural mechanisms for this "myopia" for future consequences may serve as a predisposing factor that renders some adolescents more susceptible to future addictive behaviors. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.