How Price Sensitive is Primary and Secondary School Enrollment ? Evidence from Nationwide Tuition Fee Reforms in South Africa ∗
How Price Sensitive is Primary and Secondary School Enrollment ? Evidence from Nationwide Tuition Fee Reforms in South Africa ∗
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南非全国学费改革的证据* 中小学入学率对价格有多敏感？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Garlick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Garlick
本文通过研究南非全国范围内取消中小学学费的政策，推进了有关发展中国家教育需求的文献。我使用一种交错实施模式来确定取消费用对入学行为的影响，其中首先取消位于高度贫困社区的学校的费用。我发现取消学费对入学率、年级升学、每个学生的学校资源以及就读学生的社会经济状况影响很小。我可以拒绝每所学校增加超过 3 名学生（基线入学人数的 1%），这意味着在这种情况下对入学的需求对价格高度不敏感。研究结果对于考虑根据学校观察到或未观察到的特征、收费学校和收费学校之间的差异时间趋势以及收费学校和收费学校之间的学生转学来选择收费是稳健的。对价格不敏感的需求似乎并不是由入学上限效应、学校容量限制或取消费用对学校资源的负面影响驱动的。我认为，结果的模式可能反映了居住在免学费学校附近的年轻人对额外教育年数的低估。
This paper advances the literature on education demand in developing countries by studying a policy of nationwide primary and secondary school fee eliminations in South Africa. I identify the effect of fee elimination on enrollment behavior using a staggered implementation pattern in which fees were first eliminated for schools located in high poverty neighborhoods. I find that fee elimination has a very small effect on enrollment, grade progression, per-student school resources, and the socio-economic profile of the enrolled students. I am able to reject enrollment increases of more than 3 students per school (1% of baseline enrollment), which implies highly price insensitive demand for enrollment in this setting. The results are robust to accounting for selection into fee elimination on schools’ observed or unobserved characteristics, differential time trends between fee-eliminating and fee-charging schools, and student transfers between fee-charging and fee-eliminating schools. The price insensitive demand does not appear to be driven by ceiling effects on enrollment, capacity constraints in schools, or negative effects of fee elimination on school resources. I argue that the pattern of results may reflect low valuation of additional years of education by youths living near fee-eliminating schools.
学校教育就像彩票：南非城市学校进步的种族差异。
影响因子：
5
作者：
Lam,David;Ardington,Cally;Leibbrandt,Murray
通讯作者：
Leibbrandt,Murray