Fitness consequences of spousal relatedness in 46 small-scale societies
Fitness consequences of spousal relatedness in 46 small-scale societies
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2014.0160
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Walker, Robert S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bailey, Drew H.;Hill, Kim R.;Walker, Robert S.
规范生育和婚姻决定的社会规范在亲属婚姻的流行方面产生了令人印象深刻的跨文化差异。在一些社会中，亲属之间的婚姻是常态，这种近亲繁殖造成了集中在社区内的密集的亲属关系网络。在其他社会，尤其是狩猎社会，大多数婚姻发生在血缘关系和地理位置都较远的个体之间，这就产生了大量亲缘关系较弱的亲属和近亲，形成了分布在多个社区的更广泛的亲属网络。在这里，我们调查了46个小规模社会（12439婚姻）的样本的近亲婚姻的健身后果。结果表明，一些非觅食社会（包括园艺家，农民和牧民），但不是觅食，有密集的亲属社会的健身成果（衡量家谱中幸存的孩子的数量）峰值通常高水平的配偶相关性。相比之下，广泛的亲属系统的觅食有更差的健身结果在高水平的配偶相关性。总体而言，近亲繁殖水平较高的社会在健康和配偶关系之间表现出更积极的关系。
Social norms that regulate reproductive and marital decisions generate impressive cross-cultural variation in the prevalence of kin marriages. In some societies, marriages among kin are the norm and this inbreeding creates intensive kinship networks concentrated within communities. In others, especially forager societies, most marriages are between more genealogically and geographically distant individuals, which generates a larger number of kin and affines of lesser relatedness in more extensive kinship networks spread out over multiple communities. Here, we investigate the fitness consequence of kin marriages across a sample of 46 small-scale societies (12 439 marriages). Results show that some non-forager societies (including horticulturalists, agriculturalists and pastoralists), but not foragers, have intensive kinship societies where fitness outcomes (measured as the number of surviving children in genealogies) peak at commonly high levels of spousal relatedness. By contrast, the extensive kinship systems of foragers have worse fitness outcomes at high levels of spousal relatedness. Overall, societies with greater levels of inbreeding showed a more positive relationship between fitness and spousal relatedness.