Civil courage as a communicative act
Civil courage as a communicative act
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公民勇气作为一种沟通行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Iganski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Iganski
摘要 仇恨暴力会诋毁一个人的社会身份，无论是在线下还是网上的身体或言语攻击，都是一种交流行为。它向受害者传达了这样的信息：他们被贬低且不受欢迎。这是一种边缘化和排斥性的信息。通过挑战仇恨表达来回应仇恨暴力是一种回应方式。这是“公民勇气”的一种形式。然而，考虑到肇事者可能会向那些以其他方式干预或回应的人发起攻击的风险，为什么有人想要表明立场并大声疾呼呢？本文提出，当旁观者目睹线下或网上的仇恨暴力行为时，公民勇气的重要性不仅仅是正确的做法或人道的做法。相反，如果我们将仇恨暴力理解为一种交流行为，并且如果我们了解它所发出的排斥信息的特殊影响（并了解旁观者的不作为如何放大社会排斥感），那么我们可能会欣赏公民勇气行为作为回应的潜在价值。正如本文所述，公民勇气具有道义上的必要性，因为它通过向受害者发送包容性信息来回应仇恨暴力。
Abstract Hate violence which denigrates a person’s social identity whether it involves physical or verbal aggression off or online – is a communicative act. It transmits a message to the victim that they are devalued and unwelcome. It is a marginalising and exclusionary message. Answering back to hate violence by challenging hateful expression is one way of responding. It is a form of ‘civil courage’. Yet why should anybody want to take a stand and speak out – given the risks involved that perpetrators might turn on those who intervene or respond in some other way? This paper proposes that the importance of civil courage goes beyond being the right thing to do, or the humane thing, when a bystander witnesses hate violence off- or online. Instead, if we comprehend hate violence as a communicative act, and if we understand the particular impact of the exclusionary message it sends (and understand how bystander inaction can magnify the felt sense of social exclusion), then we might appreciate the potential value of an act of civil courage in response. There is a moral imperative for civil courage as it answers back to hate violence by sending an inclusionary message to the victim – as reasoned in this paper.
女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋成年人中仇恨犯罪受害的心理后遗症。
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Herek,GM;Gillis,JR;Cogan,JC
通讯作者：
Cogan,JC