Shellfish Exploitation in the Western Canary Islands Over the Last Two Millennia

Shellfish Exploitation in the Western Canary Islands Over the Last Two Millennia
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过去两千年来加那利群岛西部的贝类开发

DOI:
10.1080/14614103.2018.1497821
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Surge, Donna
Surge, Donna
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parker, Wesley;Yanes, Yurena;Mesa Hernández, Eduardo;Hernández Marrero, Juan Carlos;Pais, Jorge;Soto Contreras, Nora;Surge, Donna

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加那利群岛的居民从人类到来的2500年前开始食用帽贝。以前,这些收获的腹足类动物被沉积在沿海的大型贝壳堆中。本文对加那利群岛考古遗址的黑帽贝(Patella candided’orbigny, 1840)的壳缘氧同位素组成(δ18O)和体型进行了初步研究,以评估晚全新世贝类的季节变化和采集强度。分析了100个贝壳(放射性碳年代在~ 500 ~ ~ 1800 cal. yr BP之间)的贝壳边缘δ18O值,以估计死亡时的海面温度(SST)。古温度估算表明,贝类捕捞并非全年进行,在较冷的月份(当海温< 20°C时)避免捕捞。这种模式与大多数纬度较高的中石器时代和新石器时代的人类群体不同,后者全年都在收集贝类,主要针对冬季。初步的身体尺寸测量表明,从土著时代到现在,壳的尺寸经历了下降,这可能是由于人类压力的增加。在土著居民居住期间,成年贝壳的最大尺寸保持稳定,这表明当今的采伐活动比土著人类群体的采伐活动更为激烈。这种密集的收集可能使岛屿上帽贝种群的平均成年尺寸减少了27%。
The residents of the Canary Archipelago consumed limpets since the arrival of humans ∼2500 yrs. ago, and these harvested gastropods were deposited in large coastal shell middens. This work preliminarily explores shell margin oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) and body size of the black limpet (Patella candeid’Orbigny, 1840) from archaeological sites in the Canary Islands to assess possible seasonal variability and intensity of shellfish collection throughout the late Holocene. The shell margin δ18O values of 100 shells (radiocarbon dated between ∼500 and ∼1800 cal. yr BP) were analysed to estimate sea surface temperature (SST) at time of death. Paleotemperature estimates suggest shellfish harvesting was not year-round, and was avoided in the cooler months (when SST < 20°C). This pattern differs from most higher latitude Mesolithic and Neolithic human groups, which gathered shellfish year-round, targeting winter more heavily. Preliminary body-size measurements suggest shell sizes have experienced a decline from aboriginal times to the present, which possibly resulted from increasing anthropogenic pressures. During aboriginal inhabitation, maximum adult shell size remained stable, suggesting that present-day harvesting practices are more intense than harvesting from aboriginal human groups. This intensive collection has likely diminished the average adult size of limpet populations in the islands by ∼27%.
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