VISUAL DISTANCE DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN STATIONARY TARGETS IN PRAYING MANTIS : AN INDEX OF THE USE OF MOTION PARALLAX
VISUAL DISTANCE DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN STATIONARY TARGETS IN PRAYING MANTIS : AN INDEX OF THE USE OF MOTION PARALLAX
复制标题
螳螂静止目标之间的视距辨别：运动视差使用的指标
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Kral
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Poteser;K. Kral
1.当螳螂Polyspilota sp.和Tenodera sinensis的幼虫想要离开暴露的位置，并可以选择在不同距离的静止物体之间移动时，它们通常会选择最近的。当背景有水平条纹时，它们选择最近物体的能力最强，当背景有垂直条纹时，它们选择最近物体的能力最弱。对象偏好基于连续的距离比较，这可能涉及与内容相关的记忆过程。2.螳螂幼虫可以确定与静止物体的绝对距离。垂直对比边界在这一过程中发挥了重要作用。3.侧到侧的头部运动（凝视）直接涉及距离测量，如（i）通过凝视行为本身和（ii）通过在凝视运动期间目标对象的任意运动可以在距离测量中欺骗螳螂的事实所示。据推测，距离测量涉及更大和更快的视网膜图像移位，近，而不是更远，物体唤起。4.螳螂幼虫可以区分一个黑色和白色矩形的前景和一个黑色和白色条纹的背景，即使两者在亮度，对比度和纹理方面是相似的。区分人物和背景的能力可以用运动的视差来解释，即在凝视运动期间，较近的物体移动得更快，并且比背景结构移动更大的角度。5.从出生开始，即使眼睛还没有发展出中央凹的专门化，螳螂也能够进行这种视觉控制的行为。
1. When larvae of the praying mantis Polyspilota sp. and Tenodera sinensis want to leave an exposed position and can choose to move between stationary objects at different distances, they usually choose the nearest. Their ability to select the nearest object is greatest when the background has horizontal stripes and is least when it has vertical stripes. Object preference is based on a successive distance comparison, which may involve content-related memory processes. 2. Mantid larvae can determine the absolute distance to a stationary object. Vertical contrasting borders play an important role in this process. 3. Side-to-side head movements (peering) are directly involved in the distance measurement, as shown (i) by the peering behaviour itself and (ii) by the fact that mantids can be deceived in distance measurement by arbitrary movements of target objects during the peering movement. It is supposed that the distance measurement involves the larger and faster retinal image shifts that near, as opposed to more distant, objects evoke. 4. Mantid larvae can distinguish a black-and-white rectangle in the foreground from a black-and-white striped background, even when both are similar with respect to luminance, contrast and texture. The ability to distinguish between figures and background could be explained by motion parallaxes, i.e. by the fact that during peering movements the nearer object moves faster and by a larger angle than the background structure. 5. From birth onwards, even when the eyes have yet to develop foveal specialization, mantids are capable of this visually controlled behaviour.