Overwintering of Rabies Virus in Silver Haired Bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans).
Overwintering of Rabies Virus in Silver Haired Bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans).
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0155542
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rudd RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis AD;Morgan SM;Dupuis M;Poulliott CE;Jarvis JA;Franchini R;Clobridge A;Rudd RJ
银发蝙蝠（Lasionycteris noctivagans）是一种半殖民地、迁徙的树蝠，很少与人类接触。尽管品种稀少，夜露链球菌狂犬病变种是美国国内获得性人狂犬病病例中最常见的狂犬病病毒变种（RABV）。与大棕蝠（Eptesicus fuscus）和小棕蝠（Myotis lucifugus）不同，夜蝠不被认为是真正的冬眠动物。目前尚不清楚RABV是否能在冬眠的夜蛾中越冬，还是只在迁移到温暖气候的夜蛾中存在。为了更好地了解RABV在该物种中的越冬行为，研究人员将一种同源RABV（夜蛾L. noctivagans Virus 1）或两种异源RABV（褐斑夜蛾Eptesicus fuscus Virus 2和Myotis lucifugus Virus 1）中的一种肌内接种。接种后5 d，将夜夜乳杆菌置于冬眠室中6周。结果表明，狂犬病毒可在夜蛾中越冬，但潜伏期比常温下延长6周。此外，我们发现潜伏期越长，病毒向唾液腺的传播越大。与我们之前的研究相似，夜夜乳杆菌对同源变异最敏感。总之，我们发现RABV在皮下暴露或冬眠后潜伏期延长，较长的潜伏期增加了传播和传播的可能性。
Silver-haired bats, (Lasionycteris noctivagans) are semi-colonial, migratory tree bats that have infrequent contact with humans. Despite the species rarity, the L. noctivagans rabies variant is the most commonly reported rabies virus variant (RABV) in domestically acquired human rabies cases in the US. Unlike big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) and little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus), L. noctivagans are not considered true hibernators. It is unknown if RABV can overwinter in hibernating L. noctivagans or is only maintained in members of this taxa that migrate to warmer climates. To better understand RABV overwintering in this species, L. noctivagans were inoculated intramuscularly with either a homologous RABV (L. noctivagans Virus 1) or one of two heterologous RABV (Eptesicus fuscus Virus 2 and Myotis lucifugus Virus 1). Five days following inoculation, L. noctivagans were placed in a hibernation chamber for 6 weeks. Our results demonstrate that rabies virus can overwinter in L. noctivagans yet the incubation period was extended 6 weeks when compared to bats maintained at ambient temperatures. Additionally, we found that the longer the incubation period, the greater the viral dissemination to the salivary glands. Similar to our previous studies, L. noctivagans were most susceptible to a homologous variant. In summary, we found that RABV incubation is extended following a subcutaneous exposure or maintenance in hibernation and longer incubation times increase dissemination and potential for transmission.