Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance: National College Health Risk Behavior Survey--United States, 1995.
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance: National College Health Risk Behavior Survey--United States, 1995.
复制标题
青少年风险行为监测：全国大学健康风险行为调查——美国，1995 年。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Gerlach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. French;P. Hannan;L. Harnack;Nathan R Mitchell;T. Toomey;A. Gerlach
问题/状况
高校是向许多年轻人提供健康促进教育和服务的重要场所。然而，在1995年进行全国大学生健康危害行为调查之前，全国大学生健康危险行为的流行情况还没有得到很好的表征。
报告期
1995年1月至6月。
系统描述
青年危险行为监测系统(YRBSS)监测青年和青年中六类优先危害健康的行为：导致无意和故意伤害的行为、吸烟、酒精和其他药物使用、性行为、不健康饮食行为和缺乏体育活动。YRBSS包括a)自1991年以来每两年对高中生进行一次的全国性、州级和地方性学校调查；b)1992年在全国12-21岁青年样本中进行的基于家庭的调查，包括是否入学；以及c)1995年进行的以大学为基础的全国性调查。这份报告总结了全国大学生健康危险行为调查(NCHRBS)的结果，并描述了全国大学生优先考虑的健康危险行为以及大学校园的健康促进计划。
结果和解释
1995年的调查数据表明，美国各地的许多大学生的行为使他们面临严重健康问题的风险。近三分之一(29.0%)的大学生现在吸烟。三分之一(34.5%)的大学生报告在调查前30天内曾大量饮酒，27.4%的学生报告在调查前30天内饮酒和开车，30.5%的调查前12个月内曾划船或游泳的学生在划船或游泳时饮酒。五分之一(20.4%)的女大学生在有生之年曾被迫发生性行为。在调查前3个月发生性行为的学生中，只有29.6%的学生在最后一次性行为中使用过避孕套，34.5%的学生使用过避孕药。大约五分之一(20.5%)的大学生超重。调查结果显示，四分之三(73.7%)的学生在调查前一天没有进食五份或以上的水果和蔬菜，21.8%的学生在调查的前一天吃了三种或三种以上的高脂肪食物，很少有学生在建议的水平上从事剧烈(37.6%)或适度(19.5%)的体育锻炼。
采取的行动
NCHRBS的数据将被用来衡量在实现28个与大学生健康危险行为有关的国家健康目标以及与大学生健康促进计划的可获得性和特点有关的两个国家健康目标方面的进展情况。这些数据还将被全国范围内的大学卫生和教育官员用来改善卫生政策和项目，旨在降低与大学生死亡和发病的主要原因相关的风险。
PROBLEM/CONDITION
Colleges and universities are important settings for delivering health promotion education and services to many young adults. However, before this national college-based survey was conducted in 1995, the prevalences of health-risk behaviors among college students nationwide had not been well characterized.
REPORTING PERIOD
January through June 1995.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM
The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-risk behaviors among youth and young adults: behaviors that contribute to unintentional and intentional injuries, tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, sexual behaviors, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and physical inactivity. The YRBSS includes a) national, state, and local school-based surveys of high school students conducted biennially since 1991, b) a household-based survey conducted in 1992 among a national sample of youth aged 12-21 years, whether enrolled in school, and c) the national college-based survey conducted in 1995. This report summarizes results from the national college-based survey-the National College Health Risk Behavior Survey (NCHRBS)-and describes priority health-risk behaviors among college students nationwide and health promotion programs on college campuses.
RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION
Data from the 1995 survey indicated that many college students throughout the United States engage in behaviors that place them at risk for serious health problems. Almost one third (29.0%) of college students were current cigarette smokers. One third (34.5%) of college students reported episodic heavy drinking during the 30 days preceding the survey, 27.4% reported drinking alcohol and driving during the 30 days preceding the survey, and 30.5% of students who had gone boating or swimming during the 12 months preceding the survey had drunk alcohol while boating or swimming. One in five (20.4%) female college students had been forced to have sexual intercourse during her lifetime. Only 29.6% of students who had had sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey had used a condom at last sexual intercourse, and 34.5% had used birth control pills. Approximately one in five (20.5%) college students was overweight. Survey results indicated that three fourths (73.7%) of students had failed to eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables on the day preceding the survey, 21.8% had eaten three or more high-fat foods on the day preceding the survey, and few students had engaged in vigorous (37.6%) or moderate (19.5%) physical activity at recommended levels.
ACTIONS TAKEN
The NCHRBS data will be used to measure progress toward achieving 28 national health objectives related to the health-risk behaviors of college students and two national health objectives related to the availability and characteristics of health promotion programs for college students. These data also will be used nationwide by college health and education officials to improve health policies and programs designed to reduce risks associated with the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among college students.