Global network of specific virus-host interactions in hypersaline environments
Global network of specific virus-host interactions in hypersaline environments
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02603.x
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Oksanen, Hanna M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atanasova, Nina S.;Roine, Elina;Oksanen, Hanna M.
高盐环境主要由古细菌和细菌控制，几乎完全没有真核生物。此外，高盐环境含有相当数量的病毒。目前，关于这些晕轮病毒的信息有限。详细描述的那些大多类似于头尾噬菌体，而基于高盐环境样品的直接显微镜观察突出了非尾病毒样颗粒的丰度。在这里，我们研究了9个空间上遥远的高盐环境分离新的嗜盐古菌（61株），嗜盐细菌（24株）和它们的病毒（49株），使用培养依赖的方法。所获得的病毒分离物的数量大约是目前描述的古细菌病毒的两倍。新分离物可分为三个尾巴和两个无尾病毒形态型，这表明这两种类型的病毒分布广泛，并具有盐古菌病毒的特征。我们测定了宿主对所有分离病毒的敏感性。许多病毒的宿主范围似乎延伸到遥远位置的宿主，这支持了微生物及其病毒存在全球交换的观点。这表明全世界的高盐环境就像一个单一的栖息地。
Hypersaline environments are dominated by archaea and bacteria and are almost entirely devoid of eukaryotic organisms. In addition, hypersaline environments contain considerable numbers of viruses. Currently, there is only a limited amount of information about these haloviruses. The ones described in detail mostly resemble head-tail bacteriophages, whereas observations based on direct microscopy of the hypersaline environmental samples highlight the abundance of non-tailed virus-like particles. Here we studied nine spatially distant hypersaline environments for the isolation of new halophilic archaea (61 isolates), halophilic bacteria (24 isolates) and their viruses (49 isolates) using a culture-dependent approach. The obtained virus isolates approximately double the number of currently described archaeal viruses. The new isolates could be divided into three tailed and two non-tailed virus morphotypes, suggesting that both types of viruses are widely distributed and characteristic for haloarchaeal viruses. We determined the sensitivity of the hosts against all isolated viruses. It appeared that the host ranges of numerous viruses extend to hosts in distant locations, supporting the idea that there is a global exchange of microbes and their viruses. It suggests that hypersaline environments worldwide function like a single habitat.