Surface faulting earthquake clustering controlled by fault and shear-zone interactions.
Surface faulting earthquake clustering controlled by fault and shear-zone interactions.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-34821-5
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发表时间：
2022-11-21
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Vittori, Eutizio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mildon, Zoe K.;Roberts, Gerald P.;Walker, Joanna P. Faure;Beck, Joakim;Papanikolaou, Ioannis;Michetti, Alessandro M.;Toda, Shinji;Iezzi, Francesco;Campbell, Lucy;McCaffrey, Kenneth J. W.;Shanks, Richard;Sgambato, Claudia;Robertson, Jennifer;Meschis, Marco;Vittori, Eutizio
从历史和古地震研究中，地表断层地震在时间上是已知的集群，但是负责集群的机制，例如断层相互作用，应变存储和动态地形的演变，量化得很差，因此没有得到很好的理解。我们提出了一个量化的复制观测到的地震集群在意大利中部。六个活动的正断层进行了研究，使用36 Cl宇宙成因测年，揭示了高或低的表面滑动率对邻近的结构，我们解释为地震集群和反集群的阶段。我们的计算链接的应力转移所造成的滑移平均超过集群和反集群耦合故障/剪切带结构的粘性流动规律。我们发现：（1）差应力波动在断层/剪切带相互作用，（2）这些波动是足够的幅度，以产生变化的应变速率粘性剪切带，解释其上覆脆性断层的滑动速率变化。这些结果表明，断层/剪切带的相互作用是一个合理的解释集群，打开了通往过程为主导的地震危险性评估的道路。地表断层地震聚集的机制往往不清楚。在这里，作者发现，在断层/剪切带的相互作用，可以产生的应变率和滑动率的变化，导致地震集群的差异应力波动。
Surface faulting earthquakes are known to cluster in time from historical and palaeoseismic studies, but the mechanism(s) responsible for clustering, such as fault interaction, strain-storage, and evolving dynamic topography, are poorly quantified, and hence not well understood. We present a quantified replication of observed earthquake clustering in central Italy. Six active normal faults are studied using 36Cl cosmogenic dating, revealing out-of-phase periods of high or low surface slip-rate on neighboring structures that we interpret as earthquake clusters and anticlusters. Our calculations link stress transfer caused by slip averaged over clusters and anti-clusters on coupled fault/shear-zone structures to viscous flow laws. We show that (1) differential stress fluctuates during fault/shear-zone interactions, and (2) these fluctuations are of sufficient magnitude to produce changes in strain-rate on viscous shear zones that explain slip-rate changes on their overlying brittle faults. These results suggest that fault/shear-zone interactions are a plausible explanation for clustering, opening the path towards process-led seismic hazard assessments. The mechanisms responsible for clustering of surface fault earthquakes are often unclear. Here the authors find that differential stress fluctuates during fault/shear-zone interactions which can produce changes in strain-rate and slip-rate changes leading to earthquake clustering.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Cinti, F. R.;De Martini, P. M.;Brunori, C. A.
通讯作者：
Brunori, C. A.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Cinti, F. R.;Civico, R.;Brunori, C. A.
通讯作者：
Brunori, C. A.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Dolan, James F.;Bowman, David D.;Sammis, Charles G.
通讯作者：
Sammis, Charles G.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Erickson, Brittany A.;Dunham, Eric M.;Khosravifar, Arash
通讯作者：
Khosravifar, Arash
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Behr, Whitney M.;Platt, John P.
通讯作者：
Platt, John P.