Ecology drives patterns of spectral transmission in the ocular lenses of frogs and salamanders
Ecology drives patterns of spectral transmission in the ocular lenses of frogs and salamanders
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.14018
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kate N. Thomas;D. Gower;Jeffrey W. Streicher;Rayna C. Bell;M. Fujita;Ryan K. Schott;H. C. Liedtke;C. Haddad;C. Becker;C. L. Cox;R. A. Martins;R. Douglas
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Kate N. Thomas;D. Gower;Jeffrey W. Streicher;Rayna C. Bell;M. Fujita;Ryan K. Schott;H. C. Liedtke;C. Haddad;C. Becker;C. L. Cox;R. A. Martins;R. Douglas
脊椎动物眼晶状体的光谱特性影响投射到视网膜上的世界图像，从而有助于形成各种视觉能力。在这里，我们测试了两栖动物的透镜传输是否驱动的适应昼夜活动（明亮的光）和/或scansorial习惯（复杂的视觉环境）。光谱传输通过79种青蛙和6种蝾螈的镜头进行了测量，并从已发表的文献中汇编了29个额外的青蛙物种的数据。系统发育比较方法被用来测试透镜传输的变化的生态学解释，并测试跨性状的选择。（日活跃）和扫描（攀缘）蛙比非昼夜活动或非攀缘两栖动物传输的短波光明显更少，和进化模型表明，这些差异是由差异选择造成的。短波透明透镜的存在是常见的，样本两栖动物，这意味着许多是敏感的短波光在一定程度上，即使在视觉色素最敏感的紫外线的情况下。这表明，短波光，包括紫外线，可能在两栖动物的行为和生态中发挥重要作用。吸收短波的透镜色素可能为多种生态的昼夜活动蛙和昼夜活动的攀缘蛙提供更高的视力。这种对两栖动物视觉系统的新的机械理解表明，短波过滤镜片不仅在日光条件下具有适应性，而且在高敏锐度有利的暗视条件下也具有适应性。
The spectral characteristics of vertebrate ocular lenses affect the image of the world that is projected onto the retina, and thus help shape diverse visual capabilities. Here, we tested whether amphibian lens transmission is driven by adaptation to diurnal activity (bright light) and/or scansorial habits (complex visual environments).Spectral transmission through the lenses of 79 species of frogs and six species of salamanders was measured, and data for 29 additional frog species compiled from published literature. Phylogenetic comparative methods were used to test ecological explanations of variation in lens transmission and to test for selection across traits.Lenses of diurnal (day‐active) and scansorial (climbing) frogs transmitted significantly less shortwave light than those of non‐diurnal or non‐scansorial amphibians, and evolutionary modelling suggested that these differences have resulted from differential selection.The presence of shortwave‐transparent lenses was common among the sampled amphibians, which implies that many are sensitive to shortwave light to some degree even in the absence of visual pigments maximally sensitive in the UV. This suggests that shortwave light, including UV, could play an important role in amphibian behaviour and ecology.Shortwave‐absorbing lens pigments likely provide higher visual acuity to diurnally active frogs of multiple ecologies and to nocturnally active scansorial frogs. This new mechanistic understanding of amphibian visual systems suggests that shortwave‐filtering lenses are adaptive not only in daylight conditions but also in those scotopic conditions where high acuity is advantageous.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.