Early electrophysiological correlates of meter and rhythm processing in music perception
Early electrophysiological correlates of meter and rhythm processing in music perception
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2007.09.010
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Meyer, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geiser, Eveline;Ziegler, Esther;Meyer, Martin
音乐中时间结构的两个主要特征是节拍和节奏。本实验对这两种结构要素的事件相关电位（ERP）进行了研究，重点研究了有注意加工和无注意加工的差异效应。刺激材料由重复呈现给受试者的听觉节奏组成，其中插入韵律和节奏变化以及音高变化。受试者被检测并分类时间变化（有人在场的情况下）或音高变化（无人在场的情况下）。此外，我们比较了一组长期训练的受试者（音乐家）和非音乐家。不出所料，行为数据显示，经过训练的受试者的表现明显好于未经训练的受试者。这种效果主要是由于更好地检测仪表偏差。在有注意的加工条件下，节奏和节拍的变化引起了标准音调的早期负偏转，而在无注意的加工条件下，只有节奏变化引起了这种负偏转。在所有的实验对象中都发现了这两种效应，两组之间没有差异。因此，我们的数据表明，节拍和节奏感知在处理的时间过程中可能会有所不同，并为音乐节奏和节奏的听觉感知背后的不同神经生理过程的概念提供了依据。此外，数据表明，在节奏感知方面，非音乐家和音乐家一样精通，这表明正确的节奏感知不仅对音乐家很重要，对每个人都很重要。(C) 2008 Elsevier Srl。版权所有。
The two main characteristics of temporal structuring in music are meter and rhythm. The present experiment investigated the event-related potentials (ERP) of these two structural elements with a focus on differential effects of attended and unattended processing. The stimulus material consisted of an auditory rhythm presented repetitively to subjects in which metrical and rhythmical changes as well as pitch changes were inserted. Subjects were to detect and categorize either temporal changes (attended condition) or pitch changes (unattended condition). Furthermore, we compared a group of long-term trained subjects (musicians) to non-musicians. As expected, behavioural data revealed that trained subjects performed significantly better than untrained subjects. This effect was mainly due to the better detection of the meter deviants. Rhythm as well as meter changes elicited an early negative deflection compared to standard tones in the attended processing condition, while in the unattended processing condition only the rhythm change elicited this negative deflection. Both effects were found across all experimental subjects with no difference between the two groups. Thus, our data suggest that meter and rhythm perception could differ with respect to the time course of processing and lend credence to the notion of different neurophysiological processes underlying the auditory perception of rhythm and meter in music. Furthermore, the data indicate that non-musicians are as proficient as musicians when it comes to rhythm perception, suggesting that correct rhythm perception is crucial not only for musicians but for every individual. (C) 2008 Elsevier Srl. All rights reserved.