Independent and Additive Contributions of Postvictory Testosterone and Social Experience to the Development of the Winner Effect
Independent and Additive Contributions of Postvictory Testosterone and Social Experience to the Development of the Winner Effect
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DOI：
10.1210/en.2011-1099
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Marler, Catherine A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuxjager, Matthew J.;Oyegbile, Temitayo O.;Marler, Catherine A.
显著的社会经验影响未来行为的过程还没有得到很好的理解。例如，赢得战斗可以增加未来胜利的几率，但人们对这种赢家效应背后的内部机制知之甚少。在这里，我们使用领土的加州小鼠（Peromyscus californicus）研究如何影响胜利后睾酮（T）的释放和胜利的经验，分别调解积极的变化，在未来的获胜能力和对抗行为。雄性小鼠被阉割并植入T胶囊以维持这种激素的基础水平。我们发现，男性形成一个强大的赢家效应，如果他们赢得了三个独立的领土争端，并经历了一个单一的T激增约45分钟后，每次遇到。与此同时，男性只表现出一个中间赢家效应，如果他们要么1）获得三个以前的胜利，但没有经历一个变化，在胜利后的T或2）获得没有以前的胜利，但经历三个独立的T脉冲。结果表明，获胜后T效应必须与获胜经验效应相结合，才能引发获胜能力的最大正向转变，这凸显了社会背景在赢家效应发展中的重要性。然而，与此同时，胜利后T和获胜经验都能够独立地提高未来的获胜能力，这一发现表明，这两个因素通过不同的机制渠道驱动对抗行为的可塑性。更广泛地说，我们的数据提供了深入了解各种物种可能能够通过与性腺类固醇作用的影响无关的机制来调整其行为库以应对社会互动的可能方式。（内分泌学152：3422-3429，2011）
The processes through which salient social experiences influence future behavior are not well understood. Winning fights, for example, can increase the odds of future victory, yet little is known about the internal mechanisms that underlie such winner effects. Here, we use the territorial California mouse (Peromyscus californicus) to investigate how the effects of postvictory testosterone (T) release and winning experience individually mediate positive changes in future winning ability and antagonistic behavior. Male mice were castrated and implanted with T capsules to maintain basal levels of this hormone. We found that males form a robust winner effect if they win three separate territorial disputes and experience a single T surge roughly 45 min after each encounter. Meanwhile, males exhibit only an intermediate winner effect if they either 1) acquire three previous wins but do not experience a change in postvictory T or 2) acquire no previous wins but experience three separate T pulses. The results indicate that the effect of postvictory T must be coupled with that of winning experience to trigger the maximum positive shift in winning ability, which highlights the importance of social context in the development of the winner effect. At the same time, however, postvictory T and winning experience are each capable of increasing future winning ability independently, and this finding suggests that these two factors drive plasticity in antagonistic behavior via distinct mechanistic channels. More broadly, our data offer insight into the possible ways in which various species might be able to adjust their behavioral repertoire in response to social interactions through mechanisms that are unlinked from the effects of gonadal steroid action. (Endocrinology 152: 3422-3429, 2011)