Density and Decline in the Founding of International NGOs in the United States
Density and Decline in the Founding of International NGOs in the United States
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DOI：
10.1093/isq/sqz061
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hadden, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bush, Sarah Sunn;Hadden, Jennifer
现在学者们普遍注意到国际非政府组织（INGO）的数量呈爆炸式增长。但近年来，全球和美国 INGO 的增长速度陷入停滞。我们认为，这种停滞最好的解释是国际非政府组织工作环境的变化。具体来说，现在人口稠密的环境阻碍了新的国际非政府组织的成立，同时也鼓励了竞争。对 1992 年至 2012 年间美国国际非政府组织的新综合数据集的分析支持了这一论点，对环境保护和民主援助领域趋势的案例研究也支持了这一论点。分析表明，关于 INGO 合作与竞争的争论忽视了一个在组织群体之间和组织内部存在差异的关键环境因素：密度。我们总结了这种方法对当代全球治理的影响。
It is now commonplace for scholars to note that the number of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) has exploded. But, in recent years, the growth rate of INGOs globally and in the United States has stagnated. We argue this stagnation can best be explained by changes in the environment in which INGOs work. Specifically, the now dense population environment discourages new INGOs from being founded, while also encouraging competition. Analysis of a new, comprehensive dataset on American INGOs between 1992 and 2012 supports the argument, as do case studies of trends within the environmental conservation and democracy assistance sectors. The analysis suggests that debates about INGO cooperation and competition overlook a key environmental factor that varies across and within populations of organizations: density. We draw out the implications of this approach for contemporary global governance.