Fully Chaotic Maps and Broken Time Symmetry
Fully Chaotic Maps and Broken Time Symmetry
复制标题
完全混沌的地图和破缺的时间对称性
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-017-1628-4
复制
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. J. Driebe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. J. Driebe
我很高兴也很荣幸为Dean Driebe的专著写一个简短的前言：完全混沌地图和破缺时间对称性。尽管书名是技术性的，但这本书讨论的是一个至关重要的问题。要理解它的意义，我们必须回到19世纪下半叶伟大的理论物理学家路德维希·玻尔兹曼（Ludwig Boltzmann）的工作所引发的悲剧性斗争。路德维希·玻尔兹曼试图在物理学上模仿查尔斯·达尔文在生物学上所做的事情，并提出一种进化的方法，在这种方法中，过去和未来将扮演不同的角色。玻尔兹曼的工作引发了无数的争议，因为经典力学定律（以及全转动力学定律）传统上的表述暗示了过去和未来之间的对称性。众所周知，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦经常说“时间是一种幻觉”。事实上，只要动力学与满足经典力学方程的轨迹相关联，用轨迹来解释不可逆性，就像亨利·庞加莱总结的那样，是一个逻辑错误。经过长时间的斗争，玻尔兹曼承认了自己的失败，并引入了一种概率描述，在这种描述中，所有微观状态都应该具有相同的先验概率。不可逆性则是由于我们的观察不完善，只与由温度、压力和其他类似参数描述的“宏观”状态有关。因此，不可逆性似乎没有任何根本意义。然而，今天这一立场已经站不住脚了。
I am very pleased and privileged to write a short foreword for the monograph of Dean Driebe: Fully Chaotic Maps and Broken Time Symmetry. Despite the technical title this book deals with a problem of fundamental importance. To appreciate its meaning we have to go back to the tragic struggle that was initiated by the work of the great theoretical physicist Ludwig Boltzmann in the second half of the 19th century. Ludwig Boltzmann tried to emulate in physics what Charles Darwin had done in biology and to formulate an evolutionary approach in which past and future would play different roles. Boltzmann's work has lead to innumerable controversies as the laws of classical mechanics (as well as the laws of quan tum mechanics) as traditionally formulated imply symmetry between past and future. As is well known, Albert Einstein often stated that" Time is an illusion". Indeed, as long as dynamics is associated with trajectories satisfy ing the equations of classical mechanics, explaining irreversibility in terms of trajectories appears, as Henri Poincare concluded, as a logical error. After a long struggle, Boltzmann acknowledged his defeat and introduced a probabil ity description in which all microscopic states are supposed to have the same a priori probability. Irreversibility would then be due to the imperfection of our observations associated only with the" macroscopic" state described by temperature, pressure and other similar parameters. Irreversibility then appears devoid of any fundamental significance. However today this position has become untenable.