Disentangling the semi-periphery: evolutionary trajectories and perspectives of the Austrian and Hungarian automotive industries
Disentangling the semi-periphery: evolutionary trajectories and perspectives of the Austrian and Hungarian automotive industries
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解开半边缘地区：奥地利和匈牙利汽车工业的演变轨迹和前景
DOI：
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Magdolna Sass
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Szalavetz;Magdolna Sass
摘要 本文探讨一体化外围国家向半外围国家的转变。它着手细化“半外围”的广义范畴，区分高阶半外围和低阶半外围。它表明，与汽车半外围的老牌成员相比，新来者往往缺乏在新的竞争环境中蓬勃发展的能力。由于需要数十年的有机积累才能形成具有韧性的竞争性资产，过去在一体化外围竞争环境中蓬勃发展的新来者往往会成为半外围最弱的成员。本文基于专家访谈，阐述了比较奥地利和匈牙利汽车工业发展轨迹的理论论据。我们表明，奥地利作为类别内升级（上半外围）的典范，可以利用其强大的创新潜力、密集的有能力的国内供应商网络、基于集群和产学合作的传统以及发达的技术市场。相比之下，匈牙利的类别间转型是由工资水平上升推动的，而其他指标则不足以使其进入半外围国家俱乐部。如果产业政策陷入其先前非常有效的一体化外围角色，那么低阶半外围的进化轨迹很容易脱轨。
ABSTRACT This article explores the transition of integrated periphery countries to a semi-periphery status. It sets out to refine the broad category of ‘semi-periphery’, distinguishing between upper and lower-order semi-periphery. It shows that compared to established members of the automotive semi-periphery, newcomers are often poorly equipped to thrive in the new competitive environment. Since it takes decades of organic accumulation to develop competitive assets that provide resilience, newcomers that used to thrive in the competitive environment of the integrated periphery often turn out to be the weakest members in the semi-periphery. Based on expert interviews, the article illustrates the theoretical arguments comparing the evolutionary trajectories of the Austrian and Hungarian automotive industries. We show that Austria, exemplifying the case of within-category upgrading (within the upper semi-periphery), can leverage its strong innovation potential, dense network of capable domestic-owned suppliers, tradition of cluster-based and industry – university collaboration, and developed market for technology. In contrast, the between-category transition of Hungary was propelled by the rising wage-level, while other indicators would not qualify it for the club of semi-periphery countries. Evolutionary trajectories in the lower-order semi-periphery can easily be derailed if industrial policy gets stuck in its – previously highly effective – integrated-periphery role.