A State of Art Review on the Impact of Technology on Skill Demand in OECD Countries
A State of Art Review on the Impact of Technology on Skill Demand in OECD Countries
复制标题
关于技术对经合组织国家技能需求影响的最新研究
DOI：
10.1080/13639080120106749
复制
发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Young
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young
本文通过对80年代后期以来发表的或即将发表的实证研究成果进行广泛的回顾，考察OECD国家的技能需求变化以及技术发展对技能需求变化的影响。以往的研究对技能变化的方向描绘了一幅复杂而不一致的图景，与之形成对比的是，大多数最近的研究都一致地呈现了经合组织经济体的技能提升趋势。我们可以找到证据来支持新技术的采用和实施提高了劳动力所需的技能水平的论点，以及更高的劳动力技能促进新技术的采用和成功实施的证据。技术的技能提升效应对于需要高技能水平的工作可能高于那些需要低技能水平的工作。信息技术和提高技能之间似乎存在正相关，而自动化技术则不一定如此。
By extensively reviewing empirical research findings which have been published from the late 1980s to date or are due to be published shortly, this paper attempts to examine changes in skill demand in OECD countries and the impact of technology development on the changes in skill demand. In contrast with previous studies, which painted a complex and inconsistent picture of the direction of skill changes, most of the more recent studies have consistently presented the upskilling trend in the OECD economy. We can find evidence in support of the argument that the adoption and implementation of new technology raise the skill level required of the workforce as well as evidence that higher workforce skills promote the adoption and successful implementation of new technology. The upskilling effect of technology is likely to be higher for jobs requiring a high level of skill than for those requiring a low level of skill. There appears to be a positive association between information technology and upskilling, whereas this is not necessarily the case with automation technology.