Call for Research on Bystander Intervention to Prevent Sexual Violence: The Role of Campus Environments
Call for Research on Bystander Intervention to Prevent Sexual Violence: The Role of Campus Environments
复制标题
呼吁研究旁观者干预以防止性暴力：校园环境的作用
DOI：
10.1007/s10464-015-9724-0
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
S. McMahon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. McMahon
该领域的一个重要的下一步是确定个人之外的设置水平因素对培养支持亲社会，有益的旁观者干预行动以防止性暴力的校园环境至关重要。因此，本文的目的是提供一个研究议程，调查校园环境的关键领域及其对旁观者干预的潜在影响。为了创建研究议程，遵循了一些步骤，包括：（1）系统地审查更大的旁观者文献，以确定关键的环境领域，（2）评估哪些研究是具体的大学校园和性侵犯在每个这些领域，和（3）概述未来的研究，以解决这些领域在大学校园，并确定其适用性的性暴力情况。五组主要因素被发现影响旁观者干预超越个人，群体和情境水平，包括：社会规范，社区意识，亲社会的建模，政策和物理环境。关于环境对旁观者干预的影响的某些研究领域比较发达，如社会规范，而对政策和物理环境等领域的研究很少。然而，在确定的五个领域中的每一个领域都需要进一步的研究，以帮助确定大学校园如何支持旁观者干预。
An important next step for the field is to determine what setting-level factors beyond the individual are critical to fostering campus environments that support pro-social, helpful bystander intervention action to prevent sexual violence. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a research agenda to investigate key areas of the campus environment and their potential influence on bystander intervention. To create the research agenda, a number of steps were followed including: (1) systematically reviewing the larger bystander literature to identify key environmental areas, (2) assessing what research is available specific to college campuses and sexual assault in each of these areas, and (3) outlining future research to address each of these areas on college campuses and determine their applicability to sexual violence situations. Five main groups of factors were found to influence bystander intervention beyond the individual, group and situational levels, including: social norms, sense of community, pro-social modeling, policies, and the physical environment. Certain areas of research on environmental influences on bystander intervention are more developed such as social norms, with little research on areas such as policies and the physical environment. However, further research is needed in each of the identified five areas to help identify how college campuses can support bystander intervention.