Norway—The World Leader in BEV Adoption
Norway—The World Leader in BEV Adoption
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挪威——纯电动汽车采用的世界领先者
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Erik Figenbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erik Figenbaum
挪威是世界上人均BEV市场领先的国家。2017年12月，BEV在车队中的份额超过5%，另外2.5%是PHEV。2017年纯电动汽车和插电式汽车的市场份额分别为20%和18%。2018年纯电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车的总市场份额远高于40%，2019年超过50%。这些车辆很容易被挪威家庭采用。然而，五分之四的BEV车主拥有另一辆车，这使他们可以在续航里程太短时选择交换车辆。自1990年以来，实行了强有力的一揽子奖励办法。这些激励措施旨在支持的政治目标多年来不断发展。虽然这些激励措施最初是为了允许电动汽车的试验和随后的工业化努力，但它们现在是为了实现减少运输部门温室气体排放的气候政策目标。这些激励措施引发了20年的纯电动汽车利基市场实验，并导致到2009年拥有3000辆纯电动汽车。纯电动汽车政策的长期稳定性、车主对纯电动汽车的公众意识、利基市场的竞争力以及强有力的激励措施，成为传统乘用车进口商的机会之窗。从2010年开始，当他们的品牌可以买到纯电动汽车时，他们可以利用其庞大的全国经销商网络进口和销售纯电动汽车，并立即取得成功。
Norway is the leading per capita BEV market in the world. The share of BEVs in the fleet exceeded 5% in December 2017 with another 2.5% being PHEVs. The market shares of BEVs and PHEVs in 2017 were 20% and 18% respectively. The total market share of BEVs and PHEVs in 2018 was well above 40% and in 2019 exceeded 50%. These vehicles have easily been adopted by Norwegian households. 4 out of 5 BEV owners, however, own another vehicle, giving them the option to swap vehicles when the range is too short. A strong incentive package has been introduced since 1990. The political targets which these incentives are intended to support have developed over the years. While these incentives were initially introduced to allow for experimentation with electric vehicles, and subsequent industrialization efforts, they are now geared towards meeting climate policy targets of reducing transportation sector greenhouse gas emissions. These incentives induced 20 years of BEV niche market experimentation and led to a fleet of 3000 BEVs by 2009. The long-term stability of BEV policies, the public awareness of BEVs created by their owners, the competences developed in the niche markets, and the strong incentive package, became a window of opportunity for the traditional passenger vehicle importers. When BEVs became available from their brands from 2010, they could import and sell them with immediate success using their vast national dealer networks.