Interannual and decadal changes in the sea‐air CO2 flux from atmospheric CO2 inverse modeling
Interannual and decadal changes in the sea‐air CO2 flux from atmospheric CO2 inverse modeling
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DOI：
10.1029/2004gb002257
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发表时间：
2005-12
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
P. Patra;Shamil Maksyutov;M. Ishizawa;T. Nakazawa;Taro Takahashi;J. Ukita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Patra;Shamil Maksyutov;M. Ishizawa;T. Nakazawa;Taro Takahashi;J. Ukita
利用时间相关反演（TDI）模式，计算了1988年1月至2001年12月期间地球仪64个分区（22个在海洋上，42个在陆地上）的大气-陆地-海洋CO2通量。模型计算部分遵循TransCom-3协议，并受到来自87个站点的大气CO2浓度数据和完全随时间变化的大气传输模型模拟的约束。20世纪90年代的平均气-陆和气-海通量估计分别为1.15 ± 0.74和1.88 ± 0.53 Pg-C yr-1。然而，由于大气CO2数据分布稀疏所产生的抽样偏差，这些估计数仍然不确定，因此，将这些估计数与采用各种方法得出的其他估计数进行比较。敏感性分析表明，在通量和通量的变化所造成的TDI模型的初始条件的选择的差异是较小的相比，由于测量网络的选择。我们的模型结果捕捉年际变化的全球和区域CO2通量现实。估计的海洋CO2通量异常似乎与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO），北大西洋涛动（NAO）和太平洋年代际涛动（PDO）等主要气候模式密切相关。相关分析结果表明，热带海洋CO2通量受ENSO动力循环的影响较大，而次极地海洋CO2通量受冬季次表层沃茨上升流和春季浮游生物大量繁殖的影响较大。
The atmosphere‐land‐ocean fluxes of CO2 were derived for 64 partitioned areas of the globe (22 over the ocean and 42 over the land) using a time‐dependent inverse (TDI) model for the period of January 1988 to December 2001. The model calculation partially follow the TransCom‐3 protocol, and is constrained by atmospheric CO2 concentration data from 87 stations and fully time‐dependent atmospheric transport model simulations. The air‐to‐land and air‐to‐sea fluxes averaged over the 1990s are estimated at 1.15 ± 0.74 and 1.88 ± 0.53 Pg‐C yr−1, respectively. These estimates, however, remain uncertain owing to sampling biases arising from the sparse distribution of atmospheric CO2 data, are compared with other estimates by various methods. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the differences in fluxes and flux variability caused by the choices of initial conditions for the TDI model are smaller compared to those due to the selection of measurement networks. Our model results capture interannual variations in global and regional CO2 fluxes realistically. The estimated oceanic CO2 flux anomalies appear to be closely related to prominent climate modes such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The results from the correlation analyses show that the oceanic CO2 flux in the tropics is strongly influenced by the ENSO dynamical cycle, and that in the sub‐polar regions by upwelling of sub‐surface waters in the winter and plankton blooms in the spring.