Evolution of carbonic anhydrases in fungi
Evolution of carbonic anhydrases in fungi
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DOI：
10.1007/s00294-009-0238-x
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Poeggeler, Stefanie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elleuche, Skander;Poeggeler, Stefanie
普遍存在的金属酶碳酸酐酶 (CA) 催化二氧化碳和碳酸氢盐的相互转化。这种酶已在哺乳动物、植物、藻类、细菌、古细菌和真菌中进行了研究。根据不同的结构特征，CA 可分为五个独立进化的类别（α、β、γ、δ 和 zeta）。 beta-CA 可进一步细分为植物型和 cab 型亚类。最近真菌中 CA 的表征促使我们开始在丝状子囊菌中系统地寻找这些酶。担子菌和半子囊菌酵母的基因组仅含有β-CA，而丝状子囊菌也具有编码α-类CA的基因。在这里，我们对 97 个真菌 CA 序列进行了系统发育分析，解决了真菌 CA 的多样化问题。在进化过程中，各种基因复制和基因丢失事件似乎是丝状子囊菌中 CA 多样性的原因。我们的数据显示，在丝状子囊菌的进化过程中，编码植物型β-CA的基因被复制，产生了两种密切相关的同工型，一种具有，一种不具有N端线粒体靶序列（MTS）。 MTS 的获得很可能发生在基因复制事件之后以及真菌目 Sordariales 和 Eurotiales 的进化分离之后。
The ubiquitous metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) catalyzes the interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. This enzyme has been investigated in mammals, plants, algae, bacteria, archaea and fungi. Based on distinct structural characteristics, CAs can be assigned to five independently evolved classes (alpha, beta, gamma, delta and zeta). beta-CAs can be further subdivided into plant-type and cab-type sub-classes. The recent characterization of CAs in fungi led us to initiate a systematic search for these enzymes in filamentous ascomycetes. The genomes of basidiomycetes and hemiascomycetous yeasts contain only beta-CAs, while the filamentous ascomycetes also possess genes encoding alpha-class CAs. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis of 97 fungal CA sequences that addresses the diversification of fungal CAs. During evolution various gene duplication and gene loss events seem to be the cause for the multiplicity of CAs in filamentous ascomycetes. Our data revealed that during the evolution of filamentous ascomycetes, a gene encoding the plant-type beta-CA was duplicated, resulting in two closely related isoforms, one with and one without an N-terminal mitochondrial target sequence (MTS). The acquisition of the MTS most likely took place after the gene duplication event and after the evolutionary separation of the fungal orders Sordariales and Eurotiales.