Comparative brain structure and visual processing in octopus from different habitats
Comparative brain structure and visual processing in octopus from different habitats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.070
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发表时间：
2022-01-10
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Marshall, N. Justin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chung, Wen-Sung;Kurniawan, Nyoman D.;Marshall, N. Justin
节肢动物是伪装和解决复杂任务的大师，据说它们的认知能力接近一些小型哺乳动物。尽管有强烈的兴趣和一些研究进展，我们对章鱼神经解剖学及其与行为和生态学的联系的大部分知识来自一种沿海物种，欧洲普通章鱼，章鱼。在复杂的珊瑚礁和相对无特色的中层水域等生境中发现了节肢动物物种。在那里，他们遇到不同的选择压力，可能是夜间或白天，大多是孤独或部分社会。这些不同的生态和行为差异如何影响章鱼中枢神经系统（CNS）仍然是未知的。在这里，我们提出了一个昼夜和夜间沿海和深海物种使用脑成像技术之间的遗传信息比较。这项研究表明，特征性的神经解剖学变化与他们的习惯和栖息地有关。视叶的包围和分裂以及潜在的中枢神经系统的结构折叠和复杂性与行为适应（白天与夜间;社会与孤独）和生态位（珊瑚礁与深海）有关，但发育也可能起作用。孤独和社会生活之间的差异反映在大脑中，包括垂直叶中多个隔室（脑回）的形成，这与脊椎动物的皮层相似。这些发现延续了头足类动物和脊椎动物大脑结构和功能趋同的观点。值得注意的是，在当前推动认知能力比较的过程中，这些发现提供了一个坚实的基础。
Octopods are masters of camouflage and solve complex tasks, and their cognitive ability is said to approach that of some small mammals. Despite intense interest and some research progress, much of our knowledge of octopus neuroanatomy and its links to behavior and ecology comes from one coastal species, the European common octopus, Octopus vulgaris. Octopod species are found in habitats including complex coral reefs and the relatively featureless mid-water. There they encounter different selection pressures, may be nocturnal or diurnal, and are mostly solitary or partially social. How these different ecologies and behavioral differences influence the octopus central nervous system (CNS) remains largely unknown. Here we present a phylogenetically informed comparison between diurnal and nocturnal coastal and a deep-sea species using brain imaging techniques. This study shows that characteristic neuroanatomical changes are linked to their habits and habitats. Enlargement and division of the optic lobe as well as structural foldings and complexity in the underlying CNS are linked to behavioral adaptation (diurnal versus nocturnal; social versus solitary) and ecological niche (reef versus deep sea), but phylogeny may play a part also. The difference between solitary and social life is mirrored within the brain including the formation of multiple compartments (gyri) in the vertical lobe, which is likened to the vertebrate cortex. These findings continue the case for convergence between cephalopod and vertebrate brain structure and function. Notably, within the current push toward comparisons of cognitive abilities, often with unashamed anthropomorphism at their root, these findings provide a firm grounding from which to work.