THE CRISIS IN ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE
THE CRISIS IN ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE
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DOI：
10.1126/science.257.5073.1064
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发表时间：
1992-08-21
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
NEU, HC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NEU, HC
过去三十年大量抗生素的合成导致人们对细菌耐药性的威胁感到自满。由于染色体变化或通过质粒和转座子交换遗传物质，细菌对抗菌药物产生了耐药性。肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌和葡萄球菌（引起呼吸道和皮肤感染的生物体）以及肠杆菌科和假单胞菌科的成员（引起腹泻、尿路感染和败血症的生物体）现在几乎对所有旧抗生素都具有耐药性。社区和医院广泛使用抗生素加剧了这场危机。为了限制细菌耐药性，需要采取抗生素控制计划、改善卫生状况以及合成具有改善抗菌活性的药物等机制。
The synthesis of large numbers of antibiotics over the past three decades has caused complacency about the threat of bacterial resistance. Bacteria have become resistant to antimicrobial agents as a result of chromosomal changes or the exchange of genetic material via plasmids and transposons. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and staphylococci, organisms that cause respiratory and cutaneous infections, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas families, organisms that cause diarrhea, urinary infection, and sepsis, are now resistant to virtually all of the older antibiotics. The extensive use of antibiotics in the community and hospitals has fueled this crisis. Mechanisms such as antibiotic control programs, better hygiene, and synthesis of agents with improved antimicrobial activity need to be adopted in order to limit bacterial resistance.