Domestic source of phosphorus to sewage treatment works
Domestic source of phosphorus to sewage treatment works
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/09593330.2012.747003
复制
发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Gilmour, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Comber, Sean;Gardner, Michael;Gilmour, Daniel
磷是生命所必需的元素。对长期供应安全的关注以及与一旦释放到水生环境中的地表沃茨的富营养化有关的问题，促使各国政府考虑并采取措施减少磷的使用和排放。源头控制的例子包括立法减少家用洗涤剂中磷的使用。这项研究表明，其他国内来源的磷也有助于显着的生活负荷下水道，总体而言，生活来源占主导地位的负荷污水处理厂。这里提供的估计表明，虽然天然饮食贡献了40%的国内磷负荷，但其他潜在的可预防来源对每年进入英国污水处理厂的估计44，000吨磷有很大贡献。在英国，食品添加剂估计占家庭负荷的29%;自动餐具洗涤剂占9%，并可能增加;家庭洗衣14%，包括膦酸盐的贡献，但正在减少;磷剂量减少自来水中的铅含量6%;下水道处理的食物垃圾1%;个人护理产品1%。虽然这里提供的是英国的数据，但预计其他发达经济体也会受到类似的影响。因此，考虑从这些来源中替代所有可预防的磷来源，可能会大大减少污水处理厂的磷负荷，从而减少水生环境的磷负荷。结合所有源头控制措施并最大限度地加以应用，可能会防止每年超过22，000吨的磷进入污水处理厂。
Phosphorus is an element essential for life. Concerns regarding long-term security of supply and issues related to eutrophication of surface waters once released into the aquatic environment have led governments to consider and apply measures for reducing the use and discharge of phosphorus. Examples of source control include legislation to reduce phosphorus use in domestic detergents. This research shows that other domestic sources of phosphorus also contribute significantly to the domestic load to sewer and that overall, domestic sources dominate loads to sewage treatment works. Estimates provided here show that although the natural diet contributes 40% of the domestic phosphorus load, other potentially preventable sources contribute significantly to the estimated 44,000 tonnes of phosphorus entering UK sewage treatment works each year. In the UK, food additives are estimated to contribute 29% of the domestic load; automatic dishwashing detergents contribute 9% and potentially increasing; domestic laundry 14%, including contributions from phosphonates, but decreasing; phosphorus dosing to reduce lead levels in tap water 6%; food waste disposed of down the drain 1%; and personal care products 1%. Although UK data is presented here, it is anticipated that similar impacts would be expected for other developed economies. Consideration of alternatives to all preventable sources of phosphorus from these sources would therefore offer potentially significant reductions in phosphorus loads to sewage treatment works and hence to the aquatic environment. Combining all source control measures and applying them to their maximum extent could potentially lead to the prevention of over 22,000 tonnes-P/year entering sewage treatment works.