Promoter methylation of argininosuccinate synthetase-1 sensitises lymphomas to arginine deiminase treatment, autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis.

Promoter methylation of argininosuccinate synthetase-1 sensitises lymphomas to arginine deiminase treatment, autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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DOI:
10.1038/cddis.2012.83
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发表时间:
2012-07-05
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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缺乏精氨酸琥珀酸合成酶 1 (ASS1) 的肿瘤是精氨酸营养缺陷型的,并且对氨基酸剥夺敏感。在这里,我们研究了 ASS1 作为对精氨酸降低剂聚乙二醇化精氨酸脱亚胺酶 (ADI-PEG20) 反应的生物标志物在淋巴恶性肿瘤中的作用。尽管 ASS1 蛋白在正常和恶性淋巴组织中基本上检测不到,但在后者中特别观察到 ASS1 启动子的频繁高甲基化。在恶性淋巴细胞系中,ASS1 甲基化、低 ASS1 mRNA、ASS1 蛋白表达缺失和对 ADI-PEG20 的敏感性之间观察到良好的相关性。我们证实去甲基化剂 5-Aza-dC 重新激活了 ASS1 表达,并从 ADI-PEG20 细胞毒性中拯救了淋巴瘤细胞系。用 ADI-PEG20 处理后,ASS1 甲基化细胞系表现出自噬和 caspase 依赖性细胞凋亡。此外,自噬抑制剂氯喹引发轻链3-II蛋白的积累,并增强ADI-PEG20在恶性淋巴细胞和患者来源的肿瘤细胞中的凋亡作用。最后,一名 ASS1 甲基化皮肤 T 细胞淋巴瘤患者对同情使用的 ADI-PEG20 产生了反应。总之,ASS1 启动子甲基化导致精氨酸营养缺陷,是评估淋巴瘤患者精氨酸剥夺疗效的新型生物标志物。
Tumours lacking argininosuccinate synthetase-1 (ASS1) are auxotrophic for arginine and sensitive to amino-acid deprivation. Here, we investigated the role of ASS1 as a biomarker of response to the arginine-lowering agent, pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20), in lymphoid malignancies. Although ASS1 protein was largely undetectable in normal and malignant lymphoid tissues, frequent hypermethylation of the ASS1 promoter was observed specifically in the latter. A good correlation was observed between ASS1 methylation, low ASS1 mRNA, absence of ASS1 protein expression and sensitivity to ADI-PEG20 in malignant lymphoid cell lines. We confirmed that the demethylating agent 5-Aza-dC reactivated ASS1 expression and rescued lymphoma cell lines from ADI-PEG20 cytotoxicity. ASS1-methylated cell lines exhibited autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis following treatment with ADI-PEG20. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine triggered an accumulation of light chain 3-II protein and potentiated the apoptotic effect of ADI-PEG20 in malignant lymphoid cells and patient-derived tumour cells. Finally, a patient with an ASS1-methylated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma responded to compassionate-use ADI-PEG20. In summary, ASS1 promoter methylation contributes to arginine auxotrophy and represents a novel biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of arginine deprivation in patients with lymphoma.
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