MenT nucleotidyltransferase toxins extend tRNA acceptor stems and can be inhibited by asymmetrical antitoxin binding.

MenT nucleotidyltransferase toxins extend tRNA acceptor stems and can be inhibited by asymmetrical antitoxin binding.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-023-40264-3
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发表时间:
2023-08-17
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Genevaux, Pierre
Genevaux, Pierre
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xu, Xibing;Usher, Ben;Gutierrez, Claude;Barriot, Roland;Arrowsmith, Tom J.;Han, Xue;Redder, Peter;Neyrolles, Olivier;Blower, Tim R.;Genevaux, Pierre

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结核分枝杆菌是导致人类结核病的细菌,它的基因组编码了数量惊人的毒素-抗毒素系统,这些系统的功能基本上未知。我们最近已经证明,结核分枝杆菌基因组编码四个广泛存在的核苷酰转移酶毒素-抗毒素系统家族。在这项研究中,我们表征了MenAT1,使用tRNA测序来证明MenT1 tRNA的修饰活性。MenA1是一种与MenA3激酶无关的短蛋白抗毒素,可阻断MenT1的活性。X射线结晶学分析表明,MenA1在两个MenT1异构体上的不对称结合阻断了保守折叠,形成了异三聚体毒素-抗毒素复合体。最后,我们还展示了毒素MenT4对tRNA的修饰,表明在ment家族中具有保守的活性。我们的研究强调了蛋白毒素对tRNA靶标偏好的不同,核苷酸底物的选择性使用,以及MENA抗毒素活性的不同模式。细菌可以通过抗毒素调节的内部毒素来控制自己的生长。在这里,作者展示了来自结核分枝杆菌的毒素通过修饰tRNA发挥作用,不对称抗毒素结合阻止了毒素的活性。
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for human tuberculosis, has a genome encoding a remarkably high number of toxin-antitoxin systems of largely unknown function. We have recently shown that the M. tuberculosis genome encodes four of a widespread, MenAT family of nucleotidyltransferase toxin-antitoxin systems. In this study we characterize MenAT1, using tRNA sequencing to demonstrate MenT1 tRNA modification activity. MenT1 activity is blocked by MenA1, a short protein antitoxin unrelated to the MenA3 kinase. X-ray crystallographic analysis shows blockage of the conserved MenT fold by asymmetric binding of MenA1 across two MenT1 protomers, forming a heterotrimeric toxin-antitoxin complex. Finally, we also demonstrate tRNA modification by toxin MenT4, indicating conserved activity across the MenT family. Our study highlights variation in tRNA target preferences by MenT toxins, selective use of nucleotide substrates, and diverse modes of MenA antitoxin activity. Bacteria can control their growth using internal toxins regulated by antitoxins. Here, the authors show MenT toxins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis work by modifying tRNAs, and asymmetric antitoxin binding blocks toxin activity.
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