Targeted Metabolomics of Physaria fendleri, an Industrial Crop Producing Hydroxy Fatty Acids
Targeted Metabolomics of Physaria fendleri, an Industrial Crop Producing Hydroxy Fatty Acids
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DOI：
10.1093/pcp/pcu011
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Alonso, Ana Paula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cocuron, Jean-Christophe;Anderson, Brooke;Alonso, Ana Paula
Physaria fendleri（syn. Lesquerella）是一种产lesquerolic酸的豆科植物，lesquerolic酸是一种高价值的羟基脂肪酸，可用于多种工业应用，如化妆品、润滑脂、油漆、塑料和生物燃料。不含毒素，是进口蓖麻油的有吸引力的替代品，因此即将商业化。脂肪酸甲酯的气相色谱-质谱分析表明，来斯奎诺酸的合成和积累在胚胎中，达到60%（w/w）的总脂肪酸。生物量化合物的连续提取和表征表明，绒泡囊菌胚代谢从蛋白质到脂肪酸的生物合成之间的18和24天开花后（DPA）。为了阐明参与脂肪酸合成的代谢途径，对不同发育阶段的绒泡菌胚胎进行了有针对性的代谢组学研究。为此，两种新的高通量液相色谱-串联质谱法被开发和验证，以定量糖，糖醇和氨基酸。使用多反应监测实现专属性，定量限在pmole-fmole范围内。比较代谢组学研究强调：（i）大部分代谢物在18至27 DPA之间积累在绒泡菌属胚胎中;（ii）氧化戊糖磷酸途径、糖酵解、三羧酸循环和回补途径消耗大量碳;（iii）存在核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸，这特别表明正在发生卡尔文循环。讨论了这些发现对脂肪酸合成的重要性和相关性。
Physaria fendleri (syn. Lesquerella) is a Brassicaceae producing lesquerolic acid, a highly valued hydroxy fatty acid that could be used for several industrial applications, such as cosmetics, lubricating greases, paints, plastics and biofuels. Free of toxins, Physaria oil is an attractive alternative to imported castor (Ricinus communis) oil, and is hence on the verge of commercialization. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of fatty acid methyl esters revealed that lesquerolic acid was synthesized and accumulated in the embryos, reaching 60% (w/w) of the total fatty acids. The sequential extraction and characterization of biomass compounds revealed that Physaria embryo metabolism switched from protein to fatty acid biosynthesis between 18 and 24 days post-anthesis (DPA). In order to unravel the metabolic pathways involved in fatty acid synthesis, a targeted metabolomics study was conducted on Physaria embryos at different stages of development. For this purpose, two novel high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods were developed and validated to quantify sugars, sugar alcohols and amino acids. Specificity was achieved using multiple reaction monitoring, and the limits of quantification were in the pmole-fmole range. The comparative metabolomic study underlined that: (i) the majority of the metabolites accumulate in Physaria embryos between 18 and 27 DPA; (ii) the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis, the tricarboxilic acid cycle and the anaplerotic pathway drain a substantial amount of carbon; and (iii) ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate is present, which specifically indicates that the Calvin cycle is occurring. The importance and the relevance of these findings regarding fatty acid synthesis were discussed.