Phylogenomics of the killer whale indicates ecotype divergence in sympatry.
Phylogenomics of the killer whale indicates ecotype divergence in sympatry.
复制标题
虎鲸的系统基因组学表明同源生态型存在差异。
作者：
Moura AE
对于许多高度移动的物种来说，海洋环境对基因流动几乎没有明显的障碍。即便如此，物种内部和物种之间仍存在相当大的多样性，有人称之为“海洋物种形成悖论”。最近海豚科鲸类动物（海豚）的多样辐射就是一个很好的例子。海豚科动物能够广泛分布，但许多种群之间表现出细微的遗传分化。提出的机制包括基于栖息地依赖和资源专门化的种群划分和隔离，以及在冰川周期期间栖息地释放或改变扩散走廊。在这里，我们使用一个基因组学的方法来研究虎鲸（Orcinus orca）的分化同域种群的起源。虎鲸表现出很强的专业化的猎物选择种群的稳定matrifocal社会群体（生态型），与遗传和表型分化。我们的数据表明，资源专家群体之间的同域性进化。
For many highly mobile species, the marine environment presents few obvious barriers to gene flow. Even so, there is considerable diversity within and among species, referred to by some as the ‘marine speciation paradox’. The recent and diverse radiation of delphinid cetaceans (dolphins) represents a good example of this. Delphinids are capable of extensive dispersion and yet many show fine-scale genetic differentiation among populations. Proposed mechanisms include the division and isolation of populations based on habitat dependence and resource specializations, and habitat release or changing dispersal corridors during glacial cycles. Here we use a phylogenomic approach to investigate the origin of differentiated sympatric populations of killer whales (Orcinus orca). Killer whales show strong specialization on prey choice in populations of stable matrifocal social groups (ecotypes), associated with genetic and phenotypic differentiation. Our data suggest evolution in sympatry among populations of resource specialists.