Changes in exposure of adult non-smokers to secondhand smoke after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: national cross sectional survey
Changes in exposure of adult non-smokers to secondhand smoke after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: national cross sectional survey
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.39315.670208.47
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发表时间：
2007-09-15
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gruer, Laurence
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haw, Sally J.;Gruer, Laurence
目的测量苏格兰实施无烟立法后，成年非吸烟者在公共和私人场所接触二手烟的变化。设计重复横断面调查。设置苏格兰。参与者招募年龄在 18 至 74 岁之间的苏格兰成年人并在家中接受采访。干预措施全面的无烟立法，禁止在几乎所有封闭的公共场所和工作场所，包括酒吧、餐馆和咖啡馆吸烟。结果措施唾液结果总体而言，成年非吸烟者的几何平均可替宁浓度下降了 39%（95% 置信区间 29% 至 47%），从基线时的 0.43 ng/ml 降至立法后的 0.26 ng/ml（P<0.001）。在非吸烟家庭的非吸烟者中，几何平均可替宁浓度下降了 49%（40% 至 56%），从 0.35 ng/ml 降至 0.18 ng/ml（P<0.001）。吸烟家庭的非吸烟者的可替宁浓度下降了 16%，但没有统计学意义。立法后，二手烟暴露的减少与公共场所（酒吧、其他工作场所和公共交通工具）二手烟暴露的减少有关，但与家庭和汽车中二手烟暴露的减少无关。我们没有发现吸烟从公共场所转移到家中的证据。结论苏格兰无烟立法的实施在一年之内伴随着二手烟暴露的大幅减少，其中生活在非吸烟家庭的非吸烟者中减少得最多。生活在吸烟家庭的非吸烟者仍然接触大量二手烟。
ObjectiveTo measure change in adult non-smokers' exposure to secondhand smoke in public and private places after smoke-free legislation was implemented in Scotland.DesignRepeat cross sectional survey.SettingScotland.ParticipantsScottish adults, aged 18 to 74 years, recruited and interviewed in their homes.InterventionComprehensive smoke-free legislation that prohibits smoking in virtually all enclosed public places and workplaces, including bars, restaurants, and cafes.Outcome measuresSalivary cotinine, self reported exposure to smoke in public and private places, and self reported smoking restriction in homes and in cars.ResultsOverall, geometric mean cotinine concentrations in adult non-smokers fell by 39% (95% confidence interval 29% to 47%), from 0.43 ng/ml at baseline to 0.26 ng/ml after legislation (P<0.001). In non-smokers from non-smoking households, geometric mean cotinine concentrations fell by 49% (40% to 56%), from 0.35 ng/ml to 0.18 ng/ml (P<0.001). The 16% fall in cotinine concentrations in non-smokers from smoking households was not statistically significant. Reduction in exposure to secondhand smoke was associated with a reduction after legislation in reported exposure to secondhand smoke in public places (pubs, other workplaces, and public transport) but not in homes and cars. We found no evidence of displacement of smoking from public places into the home.ConclusionsImplementation of Scotland's smoke-free legislation has been accompanied within one year by a large reduction in exposure to secondhand smoke, which has been greatest in non-smokers living in non-smoking households. Non-smokers living in smoking households continue to have high levels of exposure to secondhand smoke.