Typical entanglement entropy in the presence of a center: Page curve and its variance
Typical entanglement entropy in the presence of a center: Page curve and its variance
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存在中心时的典型纠缠熵:页面曲线及其方差
DOI:
10.1103/physrevd.100.105010
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Donà, Pietro
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bianchi, Eugenio;Donà, Pietro
In a quantum system in a pure state, a subsystem generally has a nonzero entropy because of entanglement with the rest of the system. Is the average entanglement entropy of pure states also the typical entropy of the subsystem? We present a method to compute the exact formula of the momenta of the probabilitythat a subsystem has entanglement entropy. The method applies to subsystems defined by a subalgebra of observables with a center. In the case of a trivial center, we reobtain the well-known result for the average entropy and the formula for the variance. In the presence of a nontrivial center, the Hilbert space does not have a tensor product structure and the well-known formula does not apply. We present the exact formula for the average entanglement entropy and its variance in the presence of a center. We show that for large systems the variance is small,, and therefore the average entanglement entropy is typical. We compare exact and numerical results for the probability distribution and comment on the relation to previous results on concentration of measure bounds. We discuss the application to physical systems where a center arises. In particular, for a system of noninteracting spins in a magnetic field and for a free quantum field, we show how the thermal entropy arises as the typical entanglement entropy of energy eigenstates.
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DOI:
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