Crop Simulation Models as Tools in Computer Laboratory and Classroom-Based Education
Crop Simulation Models as Tools in Computer Laboratory and Classroom-Based Education
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作物模拟模型作为计算机实验室和课堂教育的工具
DOI：
10.2134/jnrlse.2002.0048
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Middleton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Graves;T. Hess;R. Matthews;W. Stephens;T. Middleton
作物模拟模型（CSM）是以计算机为基础的作物生长及其与环境相互作用的数学表示。它们在科学研究和资源管理中发挥着重要作用，并已被用于帮助学生了解，观察和实验作物系统。在新的十年开始之际，对这些教育经验进行评估是及时的。本文综合了教育中的积极和消极经验，为在计算机实验室和课堂上使用CSM提供指导。同行评议的文献，电子媒体，个人经验和通信，以及学生的看法被用来评估CSM在教育中的影响。学生的优势是多方面的。对教育机构来说也有好处。然而，学生和教育机构也可能会有一些障碍。一般来说，CSM应该作为其他教学方法的辅助手段，而不是替代品。教师应该与学生进行积极的对话。为CSM开发的课程应该体现学生的认知进步。CSM的视觉吸引力和清晰度应该通过简洁的界面和图形化的、动态的结果表示来保证。输入和输出值应采用适合研究主题或使用国的单位。参数的默认值和在线帮助，解释CSM背后的科学是很重要的。CSMs是教育中的宝贵工具。然而，它们必须适当地整合到教学计划中，并由教师适当地使用。
Crop simulation models (CSMs) are mathematical, computer-basedrepresentationsofcropgrowthandinteractionwith the environment. They play an important role in scientific research and resource management, and have been used to help studentsunderstand,observe,andexperimentwithcropsystems. At the start of a new decade, it is timely that an assessment of these experiences in education is made. This paper synthesizes the positive and negative experiences in education to provide guidelines for using CSMs in computer laboratories and the classroom. Peer-reviewed literature, electronic media, personal experience and communications, and student perceptions were used to assess CSMs impact in education. Advantages for students are numerous. Advantages also exist for educational institutions.However,therearealsodisadvantagesforstudentsand educationalinstitutionsmaystruggletouseCSMseffectively.In general, CSMs should be used as an adjunct to, rather than as a substitute for other teaching methods. Instructors should maintainsufficientdialoguewithstudents.Exercisesdevelopedforuse withCSMsshouldencouragecognitiveadvancesbythestudent. Visual appeal and clarity of CSMs should be ensured with standardizedinterfacesandgraphical,dynamicrepresentationofresults. Input and output values should be in units appropriate to the topic of study or the country of use. Default values for parameters and online help, explaining the science behind the CSMs are important. The CSMs are valuable tools in education. However,theymustbeproperlyintegratedintotheteachingprogram and appropriately used by instructors.