ATTENTIONAL BIAS IN EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
ATTENTIONAL BIAS IN EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.95.1.15
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发表时间：
1986-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
TATA, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MACLEOD, C;MATHEWS, A;TATA, P
最近的研究表明，焦虑可能与加工偏向有关，偏向倾向于对具有情感威胁的信息进行编码。然而，可用的数据可以通过其他解释来适应，包括反应偏差解释。目前的研究介绍了一种新的范式，它通过要求受试者对中性刺激(视觉圆点探头)做出中性反应(按下按钮)来绕过这样的解释问题。这个点探测器的位置是在VDU(视觉显示单元)屏幕上相对于视觉显示的文字进行操作的，这些文字可以是与威胁相关的，也可以是内容中性的。探测潜伏期数据随后被用来确定威胁相关刺激对视觉注意分配的影响。临床焦虑(但不是临床抑郁)的受试者始终将注意力转移到威胁词上，从而减少了对出现在此类刺激附近的探测器的检测潜伏期。另一方面，正常对照组的受试者倾向于将注意力从这些材料上转移开。这一结果被解释为支持焦虑相关编码偏差的存在，并表明这种认知机制可能有助于维持这种情绪障碍。
Recent research has suggested that anxiety may be associated with processing biases that favor the encoding of emotionally threatening information. However, the available data can be accommodated by alternative explanations, including response bias accounts. The current study introduces a novel paradigm that circumvents such interpretative problems by requiring subjects to make a neutral response (button press) to a neutral stimulus (visual dot probe). The position of this dot probe was manipulted on a VDU (visual display unit) screen relative to visually displayed words, which could either be threat related or neutral in content. Probe detection latency data were then used to determine the impact of threat-related stimuli on the distribution of visual attention. Clinically anxious (but not clinically depressed) subjects consistently shifted attention toward threat words, resulting in reduced detection latencies for probes appearing in the vicinity of such stimuli. Normal control subjects, on the other hand, tended to shift attention away from such material. The results were interpreted as supporting the existence of anxiety-related encoding bias, and it is suggested that this cognitive mechanism may contribute to the maintenance of such mood disorders.