Large-Scale Zone-Based Evacuation Planning: Models, Algorithms, and Evaluation.
Large-Scale Zone-Based Evacuation Planning: Models, Algorithms, and Evaluation.
复制标题
基于区域的大规模疏散规划：模型、算法和评估。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pascal Van Hentenryck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Hasan;Pascal Van Hentenryck
在基于区域的疏散规划中，要疏散的区域被分成几个区域，每个区域必须分配一条到达安全的路径和沿途的出发时间。基于区域的疏散在实践中是非常可取的，因为它们允许紧急服务人员传达疏散命令，并更准确地控制疏散。基于区域的疏散也可以与逆流相结合(以最大化网络容量)，并且可以对疏散路径施加额外的约束(例如，路径收敛)和出发时间(例如，非抢占)。
本文从有效性和计算的角度对基于区域的大规模疏散规划进行了系统的研究。它回顾了现有的优化算法，提出了新的优化算法，并在一个真实的大规模案例研究中对它们进行了评估，从宏观角度和在各种假设下的微观模拟两个方面进行了评估。研究结果对每种方法的优点和缺点以及疏散功能的影响提供了一些独特的观点。论文还为未来基于区域的疏散和其他领域的研究提出了新的方向，以应对世界各地紧急服务机构面临的根本挑战。
In zone-based evacuation planning, the region to evacuate is divided into zones and each zone must be assigned a path to safety and departure times along the path. Zone-based evacuations are highly desirable in practice because they allow emergency services to communicate evacuation orders and to control the evacuation more accurately. Zone-based evacuations may also be combined with contraflows (to maximize the network capacities) and may impose additional constraints on the evacuation path (e,g,. path convergence) and the departure times (e.g., non-preemption).
This paper presents a systematic study large-scale zone-based evacuation planning, both from an effectiveness and a computational standpoint. It reviews existing optimization algorithms, and presents new ones, and evaluates them, on a real, large-scale case study, both from a macroscopic standpoint and through microscopic simulations under a variety of assumptions. The results provide some unique perspectives on the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and the implications of evacuation functionalities. The paper also suggests new directions for future research in zone-based evacuation and beyond in order to address the fundamental challenges by emergency services around the world.