Pathwars of disadvantage and smoking careers: evidence and policy implications
Pathwars of disadvantage and smoking careers: evidence and policy implications
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2005.045583
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Harman, Juliet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, Hilary;Inskip, Hazel M.;Harman, Juliet
目的：在较老的工业化社会中调查（a）社会不利因素如何导致妇女吸烟的风险（B）社会和经济政策在减少不利因素和缓和生活机会和生活水平方面更广泛的不平等方面的作用。审查和分析（a）童年和成年后的不利处境对妇女成年初期吸烟状况的影响（B）政策对与高吸烟风险相关的社会暴露的影响。主要结果：（a）吸烟状况-曾经吸烟、目前吸烟、大量吸烟和戒烟-不仅受到当前环境的影响，而且受到长期不利状况的影响（B）社会和经济政策形成了妇女吸烟状况的关键社会预测因素，包括童年环境、教育水平和成人环境，以及生活机会和生活标准这些方面的分布存在中度不平等。总之，这两套研究结果主张的政策工具包，吸烟的远端决定因素的行为，针对未来和现在的吸烟者lived.Conclusions的条件的干预措施：主张烟草控制的方法相结合，改变吸烟习惯，减少不平等的社会轨迹中，他们嵌入。在整个生命过程中提高机会和生活水平的政策应作为以公平为导向的减少吸烟造成的疾病负担的方法的一部分得到支持。
Objectives: To investigate in older industrialised societies (a) how social disadvantage contributes to smoking risk among women (b) the role of social and economic policies in reducing disadvantage and moderating wider inequalities in life chances and living standards.Methods: Review and analysis of (a) the effects of disadvantage in childhood and into adulthood on women's smoking status in early adulthood (b) policy impacts on the social exposures associated with high smoking risk.Main results: (a) Smoking status-ever smoking, current smoking, heavy smoking, and cessation-is influenced not only by current circumstances but by longer term biographies of disadvantage (b) social and economic policies shape key social predictors of women's smoking status, including childhood circumstances, educational levels and adult circumstances, and moderate inequalities in the distribution of these dimensions of life chances and living standards. Together, the two sets of findings argue for a policy toolkit that acts on the distal determinants of smoking, with interventions targeting the conditions in which future and current smokers live.Conclusions: An approach to tobacco control is advocated that combines changing smoking habits with reducing inequalities in the social trajectories in which they are embedded. Policies to level up opportunities and living standards across the lifecourse should be championed as part of an equity oriented approach to reducing the disease burden of cigarette smoking.