Inequalities in mental and social wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: prospective longitudinal observational study of five UK cohorts
Inequalities in mental and social wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: prospective longitudinal observational study of five UK cohorts
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COVID-19 大流行期间心理和社会福祉的不平等：对英国五个队列的前瞻性纵向观察研究
DOI：
10.1101/2022.02.07.22270588
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Moreno-Agostino D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moreno-Agostino D
背景研究表明，COVID-19大流行和相关非药物干预措施对人群心理健康的影响存在不平等。我们使用来自英国的全国代表性队列，在大流行的第一年探索了这些不平等。方法我们分析了来自五个纵向队列的26，772名参与者的数据，这些队列代表了1946年至2000年出生的几代人，收集于2020年5月，2020年9月至10月和2021年2月至3月。我们使用了多层次的增长曲线建模方法，探讨社会人口和社会经济差异的水平焦虑和抑郁症，孤独，随着时间的推移，生活satisfactions.ResultsYounger一代有更糟糕的水平的精神和社会福祉的第一年的大流行。虽然这些代际不平等在第一次和最后一次观察期间的生活满意度（-0.33 [95% CI：-0.51，-0.15]）之间缩小了，但焦虑感（0.22 [0.10，0.33]）变得更大。先前存在的抑郁和孤独的代际不平等没有改变，但如果代际不平等没有加速，最年轻的队列的初始抑郁水平比预期的要差。女性和那些经历经济困难的人的初始心理和社会福利水平分别比男性和经济生活舒适的人差，这些差距在第一个和最后一个观察期之间没有实质性差异。不平等的额外因素reported.ConclusionsBy 2021年3月，精神和社会福祉的不平等持续在英国成年人口。随着大流行病的爆发，以前存在的代际不平等可能加剧。需要制定旨在保护弱势群体的政策。
BackgroundResearch suggests that there have been inequalities in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related non-pharmaceutical interventions on population mental health. We explored these inequalities during the first year of the pandemic using nationally representative cohorts from the UK.MethodsWe analysed data from 26,772 participants from five longitudinal cohorts representing generations born between 1946 and 2000, collected in May 2020, September-October 2020, and February-March 2021 across all five cohorts. We used a multilevel growth curve modelling approach to explore sociodemographic and socioeconomic differences in levels of anxiety and depressive symptomatology, loneliness, and life satisfaction over time.ResultsYounger generations had worse levels of mental and social wellbeing throughout the first year of the pandemic. Whereas these generational inequalities narrowed between the first and last observation periods for life satisfaction (−0.33 [95% CI: −0.51, −0.15]), they became larger for anxiety (0.22 [0.10, 0.33]). Pre-existing generational inequalities in depression and loneliness did not change, but initial depression levels of the youngest cohort were worse than expected if the generational inequalities had not accelerated. Women and those experiencing financial difficulties had worse initial mental and social wellbeing levels than men and those financially living comfortably, respectively, and these gaps did not substantially differ between the first and last observation periods. Inequalities by additional factors are reported.ConclusionsBy March 2021, mental and social wellbeing inequalities persisted in the UK adult population. Pre-existing generational inequalities may have been exacerbated with the pandemic onset. Policies aimed at protecting vulnerable groups are needed.