A Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus (inap CMS) with Carpelloid Stamens via Protoplast Fusion with Chinese Woad.
A Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Brassica napus (inap CMS) with Carpelloid Stamens via Protoplast Fusion with Chinese Woad.
复制标题
通过与菘蓝原生质体融合获得具有心皮雄蕊的甘蓝型油菜（inap CMS）的新型细胞质雄性不育
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2017.00529
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Li Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang L;Li P;Wang A;Ge X;Li Z
利用甘蓝型油菜与板蓝根的体细胞杂种，通过轮回回交选育出一种新的甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系（inap CMS）。雄性不育是由于雄蕊由四强雄蕊转变为心皮状结构，顶端具柱头状组织，边缘具胚珠状组织，两个较短的雄蕊转变为花丝，无花药。雄蕊的雌性化发育导致花粉粒完全缺失，在不同年份和环境中花粉粒保持稳定。inap不育系的雌蕊经B授粉后，形态正常，结实率高。油菜。组织切片表明，雄蕊的发育变化始于雄蕊原基分化期。用23对AFLP选择性引物对inap细胞质雄性不育系进行核基因组分析，均未检测到DNA条带。25个线粒体基因中有20个来源于I. cox2 - 2是来源于薏苡的cox2与来源于油菜的cox2 - 2重组而成。新的cox 2 - 2在inap CMS的花蕾中转录较弱，与可育B相当。甘蓝型油菜附加系Me含有一条特别的板蓝根染色体。油菜其他同源和异源胞质不育系的恢复系均未能恢复inap CMS的育性和B的筛选。油菜广泛的资源中没有发现育性恢复品种，显示了其独特的起源和相关的不育机制。并对线粒体重排的原因和新不育系恢复系的选育进行了讨论。
A novel cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in Brassica napus (inap CMS) was selected from the somatic hybrid with Isatis indigotica (Chinese woad) by recurrent backcrossing. The male sterility was caused by the conversion of tetradynamous stamens into carpelloid structures with stigmatoid tissues at their tips and ovule-like tissues in the margins, and the two shorter stamens into filaments without anthers. The feminized development of the stamens resulted in the complete lack of pollen grains, which was stable in different years and environments. The pistils of inap CMS displayed normal morphology and good seed-set after pollinated by B. napus. Histological sections showed that the developmental alteration of the stamens initiated at the stage of stamen primordium differentiation. AFLP analysis of the nuclear genomic composition with 23 pairs of selective primers detected no woad DNA bands in inap CMS. Twenty out of 25 mitochondrial genes originated from I. indigotica, except for cox2-2 which was the recombinant between cox2 from woad and cox2-2 from rapeseed. The novel cox2-2 was transcribed in flower buds of inap CMS weakly and comparatively with the fertile B. napus addition line Me harboring one particular woad chromosome. The restorers of other autoplasmic and alloplasmic CMS systems in rapeseed failed to restore the fertility of inap CMS and the screening of B. napus wide resources found no fertility restoration variety, showing its distinct origin and the related mechanism of sterility. The reasons for the mitochondrial rearrangements and the breeding of the restorer for the novel CMS system were discussed.