The effects of variability in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) spawning behavior and sex/maturity stage distribution on Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chick growth: A modeling study
The effects of variability in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) spawning behavior and sex/maturity stage distribution on Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chick growth: A modeling study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.10.005
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Fraser, William R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chapman, Erik W.;Hofmann, Eileen E.;Fraser, William R.
控制南极磷虾（南极磷虾）种群能量密度的变化的因素，以及这种变化的后果阿德利企鹅（Pygoscelis adeliae）小鸡的生长和羽翼未丰的质量，进行了研究，使用个人为基础的能量学模型。脂质含量作为性别/成熟阶段和季节的函数被用来计算小鸡摄入的磷虾的能量密度。模拟测试的影响，磷虾的大小类分布，性别比，成熟时的长度，和磷虾种群能量密度和企鹅幼雏的质量产卵的时间的变化。在模拟中包含的参数中，磷虾产卵时间的变化对阿德利企鹅雏鸟质量的预测影响最大，当产卵高峰从12月初转移到3月初时，雏鸟质量从3.30公斤减少到2.92公斤。阿德利企鹅幼鸟从沿着南极西部半岛（wAP）的殖民地羽化，并存活下来加入繁殖种群，比那些不能存活下来繁殖的企鹅重0.117公斤。因此，它似乎在羽翼未丰的质量可能有显着的影响阿德利企鹅小鸡生存的小差异。因此，磷虾产卵的时间可能有重要的后果阿德利企鹅，和其他顶级捕食者物种，可能时间的关键活动，以配合一个时期的可靠的猎物可用性与最大的能量密度。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Factors that control variability in energy density of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) populations, and the consequences of this variability for growth and fledging mass of Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks, were investigated using an individual-based energetics model. Lipid content as a function of sex/maturity stage and season was used to calculate the energy density of krill ingested by chicks. Simulations tested the influence of variability in krill size-class distribution, sex-ratio, length-at-maturity, and the timing of spawning on krill population energy density and penguin chick fledging mass. Of the parameters included in simulations, variability in the timing of krill spawning had the greatest influence on predicted Adelie penguin fledging mass, with fledging mass decreasing from 3.30 to 2.92 kg when peak spawning was shifted from early December to early March. Adelie penguin chicks that fledge from colonies along the western Antarctic Peninsula (wAP) and survive to recruit into the breeding population are 0.117 kg heavier than those that do not survive to breed. Thus, it appears that small differences in fledging mass potentially have significant implications for Adelie penguin chick survivorship. Therefore, the timing of krill spawning may have important consequences for Adelie penguins, and other top-predator species, that may time critical activities to coincide with a period of dependable prey availability with maximum energy density. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.