Ecotoxicity of Sludges Generated by Textile Industries: a Review
Ecotoxicity of Sludges Generated by Textile Industries: a Review
复制标题
纺织工业产生的污泥的生态毒性：综述
DOI：
10.5132/jbse.2012.01.013
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fábio Kummrow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Gomes;F. A. Silva;S. Barbosa;Fábio Kummrow
纺织工业在其生产过程中消耗大量的水并使用有毒产品。因此，它们产生并排放大量废水，这些废水经过处理后会产生大量污泥。这些污泥的最终处置仍然是一个挑战，其生态毒理学评估是尽量减少其影响的重要参数。本文回顾了用于评估此类污泥危害的生态毒理学测试。文献中关于这个问题的论文很少，并且对于样品制备程序和要使用的测试生物体缺乏共识。最常用的测试生物是高等植物、细菌和水生生物。只有一篇文章使用了蚯蚓，一篇文章使用了哺乳动物。堆肥可有效减少或消除纺织污泥的植物毒性。大型溞和费氏弧菌对污泥急性毒性评估均表现出足够的敏感性。使用沙门氏菌/微粒体测定的终点基因毒性似乎很重要，因为大多数获得的结果都是阳性的。需要更多的研究来了解藻类、蚯蚓和哺乳动物的适用性。人们正在努力建立一套可靠的生物测定方法，对此类废物进行生态毒理学评估。关键词：纺织污泥，生物测定，生态毒性，遗传毒性。
Textile industries consume a large amount of water and use toxic products in its processes. Consequently, they produce and release large volumes of effluents, which, treated, generate great amount of sludge. The final disposal of this sludge remains a challenge, and its ecotoxicological assessment is an important parameter to minimize its impacts. This article reviewed the ecotoxicological tests that have been employed to evaluate the hazard of such sludge. There are few papers in the literature on this issue, as well as a lack of consensus about sample preparation procedures and test organisms to be used. The test organisms most employed are higher plants, bacteria and aquatic organisms. Only one article used earthworms and one, mammals. Composting was efficient for reduction or elimination of the phytotoxicity of textile sludge. Both Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri showed adequate sensitivity for sludge acute toxicity evaluation. The endpoint genotoxicity using the Salmonella/ microsome assay seems to be important, because most of the obtained results were positive. More studies are needed to understand the applicability of algae, earthworms and mammals. Efforts are being made to establish a reliable battery of bioassays for ecotoxicological evaluation of such waste. Key words: Textile sludge, bioassays, ecotoxicity, genotoxicity.